Winged Euonymus, Burning Bush
euonymus alatus
Also known as: ["Winged Spindle Tree","Corkwood"]
Overview
A deciduous shrub known for its distinctive corky wings on the stems and brilliant red fall foliage.
Benefits & Perks
["long-flowering","disease resistant","cold hardy","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","seasonal color change"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Celastrales |
| Family: | Celastraceae |
| Genus: | Euonymus |
| Botanical Name: | Euonymus alatus |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Shrubs
- Suitable Location: garden bed, hedge, or container in a location with good air circulation
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"–34–43°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"3–8"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if grown in very dry indoor conditions
- Drainage: Moderate to well-draining.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with organic matter. Tolerates a range of soil types but prefers fertile conditions.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate to heavy, depending on desired shape and size.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade (4–6 hours of direct sunlight daily). Tolerates shade but may produce fewer flowers and denser foliage.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate plants gradually to intense sunlight to prevent scorching. In hot climates, provide afternoon shade. Indoors, place near a south or west-facing window with filtered light.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
easyModerate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even growth; use sheer curtains to filter intense light; avoid direct midday sun in summer.
Watering
every 7–10 days during growing season, less frequently in winter
Water thoroughly until runoff, ensure good drainage, and avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
Soil
well-drained, loamy soil with moderate fertility
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Avoid heavy clay soils; ensure good aeration; test pH periodically.
Temperature
Hardy in USDA zones 4–8. Prefers temperatures between 60–75°F (15–24°C). Tolerates cold winters and moderate heat.
Protect from frost; water deeply in heat; adjust care based on seasonal extremes.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer
Fertilize before new growth emerges; avoid over-fertilizing; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or seeds. Stem cuttings are more reliable for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take 4–6 inch cuttings.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Maintain humidity.
- Transplant when rooted.
Best Time: Late spring to early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
High humidity (70–90%), warm temperatures (70–75°F), and indirect light.
Medium
Peat-based potting mix with perlite or sand for good drainage.
Hormone
Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.
Timeline
Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establish in new pots after 3–6 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, pots, misting spray bottle, plastic bags or propagation dome.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Thinning cuts to remove entire branches back to the trunk or main stems; heading cuts to shorten branches.
Pruning Plan
Shape the plant, remove dead or diseased wood, and encourage bushier growth. Prune to maintain desired size and form.
Tools
Hand pruners, loppers, pruning saw (for larger branches), sterilizing solution.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune during dormancy; remove dead/diseased wood; make clean cuts; dispose of clippings.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before active growth starts.
Pot Size
Choose a pot 1–2 inches larger in diameter than the current one.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; place in new pot with fresh soil; water thoroughly.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the container. Necessary to refresh soil and provide space for growth.
Checklist
Select appropriate pot; prepare new soil mix; inspect roots; water after repotting; place in appropriate light.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; avoid wetting foliage; adjust for weather.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, focusing on the root zone. Apply water slowly to allow deep penetration, ensuring the soil is moistened to a depth of 6–8 inches. Water early in the morning to minimize evaporation and fungal issues.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once a week during the growing season, reducing frequency in winter. Adjust based on rainfall and soil moisture; allow the top inch of soil to dry between waterings.
Soil Improvement
Add compost or well-rotted manure to enhance fertility and structure; incorporate perlite or sand for drainage.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis or leaf drop in extreme heat; leaf browning or dieback in prolonged cold without protection.
Cold Stress
Leaves may curl or turn brown; growth slows or halts. Young or newly planted specimens are more susceptible.
Solution: Mulch heavily around the base in fall; protect from harsh winds; use frost cloth in extreme cold snaps.
Hot Stress
Wilting, leaf scorch, or premature leaf drop due to excessive heat and dry conditions.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Choose appropriate fertilizer; apply at correct dilution; time application with growth cycles; avoid contact with roots.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring. Apply a diluted liquid fertilizer monthly during the growing season, reducing or stopping in fall and winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats may experience mild gastrointestinal upset if they ingest parts of Euonymus alatus, particularly the seeds and berries. The toxic compounds can cause discomfort but are not usually severe.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Slightly ToxicIn dogs, ingestion of Euonymus alatus seeds and berries can lead to mild gastrointestinal upset. The alkaloids present may cause discomfort but are not typically life-threatening unless consumed in large amounts.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Slightly ToxicEuonymus alatus contains alkaloids and other compounds that can cause mild gastrointestinal distress and discomfort if ingested in significant quantities. The physiological impact is generally limited to the digestive system, with no severe systemic effects typically observed.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Euonymus alatus toxic to pets?
A: Yes, it is mildly toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.
Q: Why does Euonymus alatus have wings?
A: The corky wings on the stems are a distinctive characteristic of this species, providing structural support and aiding in identification.
Q: How should I care for Euonymus alatus?
A: It is relatively easy to care for, requiring moderate maintenance, full sun to partial shade, and well-drained soil.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Celastraceae |
| Care: | easy |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during growi |
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