Canary Island Mayten

maytenus canariensis

Also known as: ["Canary Mayten","False Buckthorn"]

Family: Celastraceae Genus: Maytenus Category: Shrubs

Overview

A slow-growing, evergreen shrub or small tree native to the Canary Islands, characterized by its dense foliage and small, inconspicuous flowers.

Benefits & Perks

["drought tolerant","shade tolerant","aesthetic foliage"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Celastrales
Family: Celastraceae
Genus: Maytenus
Botanical Name: Maytenus canariensis

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Shrubs
  • Suitable Location: outdoor garden in a sheltered spot or as a container plant
  • Suitable For:
    Collectors & Enthusiasts Outdoor Landscapers
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–25°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
  • Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
  • Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
  • Soil Type: Well-draining potting mix with added perlite or sand for aeration.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: moderate
  • Toughness Level: moderate
  • Pruning Frequency: Annually or every 2–3 years as needed; light pruning can be done anytime.
  • Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of growth if necessary to rejuvenate.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade, especially in hot climates.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense light; protect from direct midday sun to avoid scorching; adjust placement based on indoor/outdoor conditions.

Warning Signs: Yellowing leaves, root rot, or stunted growth indicate poor soil or drainage issues.

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
moderate

moderate

Sunlight

partial shade to full sun

Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sunlight; avoid sudden light changes.

Watering

every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter

Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure proper drainage; adjust based on season and growth stage.

Soil

well-draining, loamy soil with some organic matter

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).

Use a mix with good drainage; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.

Temperature

Prefers 60–75°F (15–24°C); tolerates mild frosts but thrives in moderate temperatures.

Protect from frost; avoid drafts; maintain moderate temperatures for optimal growth.

Fertilizing

every 2–3 months during growing season

Fertilize only when actively growing; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; use a balanced formula.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings with a node; air layering for larger specimens.

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Select healthy stem.
  2. Cut below a node.
  3. Apply hormone.
  4. Plant in medium.
  5. Maintain humidity.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Environment

High humidity (70–80%), warm temperatures (70–75°F), indirect light.

Medium

Well-draining mix of peat and perlite or cactus mix.

Hormone

Recommended to promote root development.

Timeline

Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establish in new pot after 3–6 months.

Tools Needed

Pruning shears, rooting hormone, plastic bag or propagator, well-draining medium.

Quick Tips

Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat if possible.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Selective thinning; heading back to encourage branching; clean cuts just above nodes.

Pruning Plan

Shape plant, remove dead/damaged growth, encourage bushier form; best done after flowering or in early spring.

Tools

Pruning shears, sharp knife, disinfectant.

Checklist

Disinfect tools; prune dead/damaged growth; shape as desired; clean up debris.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Spring, before new growth begins.

Pot Size

Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter; ensure good drainage.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if crowded; place in new pot with fresh soil; water lightly.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for growth and health.

Checklist

Choose appropriate pot; prepare fresh soil; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone; allow excess water to drain away; water in the morning to minimize evaporation.

Pro Tip: Use a watering can with a narrow spout to direct water to the roots without wetting foliage.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply once the top inch of soil feels dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate organic matter for fertility; ensure proper aeration.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Leaf drop, yellowing, or stunted growth in extreme cold; wilting or scorching in excessive heat.

Cold Stress

Slows growth; may cause leaf drop or dieback in prolonged cold; vulnerable to frost damage below 28°F (-2°C).

Solution: Move to a sheltered location; provide frost protection; avoid overwatering in cold conditions.

Hot Stress

Leaves may wilt, scorch, or drop; growth may slow in prolonged heat; soil dries out faster.

Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity; water more frequently but avoid waterlogging.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Check growth stage; dilute fertilizer; apply to moist soil; avoid contact with roots.

Fertilizing Method

Use balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring–summer); avoid fertilizing in winter.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellowing leaves in Maytenus canariensis may indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or pest infestations such as spider mites or scale insects, affecting the plant's overall health and photosynthetic efficiency.

Wilting in Maytenus canariensis is often a sign of water stress, either due to under or overwatering, which can lead to root damage and reduced nutrient uptake, ultimately affecting plant vigor.

Leaf spots on Maytenus canariensis may be caused by fungal or bacterial infections, leading to reduced photosynthesis, premature leaf drop, and potential spread to other parts of the plant.

Rotting in Maytenus canariensis, particularly root or stem rot, is commonly caused by fungal pathogens in waterlogged soils, leading to decay, loss of structural integrity, and eventual plant death.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Slightly Toxic

Cats may experience mild gastrointestinal symptoms if they ingest parts of Maytenus canariensis. The plant is not highly toxic but can cause discomfort.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea loss of appetite
🌿 Toxic Parts:
seeds berries
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Keep cats away from the plant. Seek veterinary advice if ingestion is observed.
Dogs
Slightly Toxic

In dogs, ingestion of Maytenus canariensis seeds and berries can lead to mild gastrointestinal upset. The toxicity is not life-threatening but may cause discomfort.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea lethargy
🌿 Toxic Parts:
seeds berries
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Prevent dogs from accessing the plant, especially its seeds and berries. Contact a veterinarian if ingestion is suspected.
Humans
Slightly Toxic

Maytenus canariensis contains compounds that can cause mild gastrointestinal distress and discomfort when ingested. The toxic effects are generally not severe but can be problematic for individuals with sensitive digestive systems.

⚠️ Symptoms:
nausea vomiting diarrhea abdominal pain
🌿 Toxic Parts:
seeds berries
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Avoid consumption of seeds and berries. Keep away from children and pets.
Important: Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets. If ingestion occurs, contact poison control or veterinary services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is Maytenus canariensis suitable for coastal gardens?

A: Yes, it is well-adapted to coastal conditions and tolerates salt spray.

Q: How fast does Maytenus canariensis grow?

A: It is a slow-growing plant, typically adding only a few inches per year.

Q: Does Maytenus canariensis require pruning?

A: Light pruning can be done to maintain shape, but it is not typically necessary.

Quick Reference
Family: Celastraceae
Care: moderate
Light: partial shade to full sun
Water: every 7–10 days during activ
Suitable For: ["collectors/enthusiasts","outdoor landscapers"]
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