Rusty Macaranga
macaranga tanarius
Also known as: ["Rusty Paperbark","False Kamagong"]
Overview
A fast-growing, deciduous tree native to Southeast Asia, known for its distinctive rusty-brown bark and large, heart-shaped leaves.
Benefits & Perks
["fast growing","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","shade tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Macaranga |
| Botanical Name: | Macaranga tanarius |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Trees
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden in tropical or subtropical regions
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"18–35°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"10–12"}
- Misting: rarely required unless in very dry indoor conditions
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining potting mix with added perlite or sand for aeration.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: Light pruning every 2–3 months; major pruning in spring before new growth.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of growth if needed for shaping.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; can tolerate some direct morning sun but avoid harsh afternoon sun.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate to direct sun gradually over weeks, protect from intense midday sun, adjust placement based on indoor/outdoor conditions.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
partial shade to full sun
Rotate plant weekly for even growth; use sheer curtains to filter intense light; move outdoors in spring/summer for stronger light.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom, allow soil to dry between waterings, avoid overwatering especially in low light.
Soil
well-draining, fertile loam
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0).
Use a mix of peat, perlite, and loam; avoid heavy clay soils; check drainage by watering and observing runoff.
Temperature
Prefers 65–85°F (18–29°C); tolerates brief dips to 50°F (10°C) but thrives in warm, stable conditions.
Avoid placing near drafty windows; maintain consistent room temperature; use a humidifier in dry environments.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during growing season
Flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; stop fertilizing if leaves show signs of burning.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings in water or soil.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 4–6 inch cutting, remove lower leaves, apply rooting hormone (optional), place in medium, keep moist and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm, humid environment with indirect light and consistent moisture.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix or water with occasional root hormone application.
Hormone
Optional but recommended for faster rooting.
Timeline
Roots typically form in 3–6 weeks; new growth may take 2–3 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, plastic wrap or propagator.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain high humidity around cuttings; change water regularly if using water propagation.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Selective tip pruning and removal of crossing or damaged branches.
Pruning Plan
Remove dead or leggy growth to encourage bushier form and improve air circulation.
Tools
Clean, sharp pruning shears or scissors.
Checklist
Sterilize tools, prune during active growth, remove dead/damaged parts, shape as desired.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Spring, before the main growing season begins.
Pot Size
Choose a pot 1–2 inches larger in diameter than the current one.
Method
Remove plant gently, trim roots if necessary, place in new pot with fresh soil, water lightly.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for growth and soil health.
Checklist
Prepare new pot with drainage, trim roots if crowded, use fresh soil mix, water after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture, water thoroughly, ensure drainage, discard excess water.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water directly at the root zone, apply until water drains from the bottom, ensure excess water is removed from saucers, water in the morning to reduce evaporation.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top 1–2 inches of soil are dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage, incorporate organic matter like compost for fertility, ensure pots have drainage holes.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Yellowing leaves, leaf drop, stunted growth, or browning leaf edges.
Cold Stress
Slows growth, causes leaf drop, and may lead to root rot due to reduced water uptake.
Solution: Move to a warmer location, protect from drafts, reduce watering, and use a space heater if necessary.
Hot Stress
Wilting, leaf scorch, or leaf drop due to excessive transpiration and water loss.
Solution: Provide shade, increase humidity, water more frequently, and ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use diluted fertilizer, apply during growing season, flush soil periodically, monitor leaf health.
Fertilizing Method
Use balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring/summer); avoid fertilizing in fall/winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicCats are highly susceptible to the toxic effects of Macaranga tanarius, particularly due to their sensitivity to phorbol esters. Ingestion can result in severe gastrointestinal and systemic toxicity.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
ToxicIngestion of Macaranga tanarius by dogs can lead to gastrointestinal distress and systemic toxicity due to the presence of phorbol esters. These compounds are particularly harmful to canine digestive and immune systems.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
ToxicMacaranga tanarius contains phorbol esters and other toxic compounds that can cause severe physiological effects upon ingestion. These compounds interfere with cellular processes, leading to inflammation and potential organ damage.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Macaranga tanarius suitable for indoor cultivation?
A: No, it is a large tree best suited for outdoor landscapes.
Q: Does Macaranga tanarius have any medicinal uses?
A: Traditional uses are limited, but it is not widely recognized for medicinal properties.
Q: How fast does Macaranga tanarius grow?
A: It is a fast-growing species, often reaching significant height within a few years.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | partial shade to full sun |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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