Marsh Spurge
euphorbia palustris
Also known as: ["Poker Plant","Garden Spurge"]
Overview
A herbaceous perennial with striking yellow flowers and succulent-like foliage, native to wetlands and meadows.
Benefits & Perks
["long-flowering","deer resistant","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant","shade tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Euphorbia |
| Botanical Name: | Euphorbia palustris |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Flowers
- Suitable Location: border plantings, wet meadows, or near water features
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"–15–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"4–8"}
- Misting: rarely required
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent root rot.
- Soil Type: Rich, loamy soil with excellent drainage; amended with organic matter.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of old growth if needed.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours/day); tolerates partial shade but may become leggy. Adjust for intense summer sun to prevent scorching.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense sunlight; provide afternoon shade in hot climates; ensure good air circulation to prevent sunburn.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
easymoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Morning sun is best; rotate plant for even growth; avoid direct midday sun in summer.
Watering
every 7–10 days during growing season, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries between waterings; avoid overwatering, especially in winter.
Soil
moist, well-drained, fertile soil
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Use raised beds in heavy soils; avoid overwatering; test pH annually.
Temperature
Hardy to USDA zones 4–8; tolerates temperatures down to -30°F (-34°C) but prefers 60–75°F (15–24°C) for active growth.
Protect from frost; water less in winter; ensure good air circulation in heat.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer
Fertilize only during active growth; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; use a balanced formula.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or division in spring or early summer.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 4–6 inch cutting.
- Let it callus for a few days.
- Plant in moist medium.
- Keep humid and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm (70–75°F), high humidity (70–80%), and bright indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus soil.
Hormone
Optional but recommended for faster rooting.
Timeline
Roots develop in 3–6 weeks; new growth appears in 2–3 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, misting bottle.
Quick Tips
Allow cuttings to callus before planting; maintain humidity with a plastic bag; use sterile tools.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Cut stems back to a healthy node or branch junction; avoid cutting into old wood.
Pruning Plan
Remove dead or damaged stems to maintain shape and encourage bushier growth.
Tools
Pruning shears, gloves, disinfectant.
Checklist
Disinfect tools; cut at an angle; remove debris; sterilize tools after use.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before active growth starts.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if crowded; use fresh, well-draining soil; ensure drainage holes are clear.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for soil refreshment and growth.
Checklist
Prepare new pot; trim roots; add fresh soil; water lightly; place in shade for a few days.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust seasonally.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone. Water until it drains from the bottom, but avoid waterlogging. Early morning watering is ideal to reduce evaporation.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top 1–2 inches of soil are dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot. Adjust based on rainfall and humidity.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure soil is not compacted.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis or leaf drop in extreme heat; stunted growth or browning in prolonged cold.
Cold Stress
Leaves may turn yellow or brown; growth slows or halts; roots can suffer if soil freezes.
Solution: Mulch heavily in fall; protect from frost with row covers; ensure soil does not stay waterlogged in winter.
Hot Stress
Wilting despite moist soil; leaf scorch; reduced flowering.
Solution: Provide afternoon shade; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check growth phase; dilute fertilizer; apply to moist soil; avoid foliage contact.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer. Avoid fertilizing in fall and winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicCats are susceptible to the toxic effects of Euphorbia palustris, particularly through ingestion. The plant's irritant compounds can cause severe gastrointestinal upset and skin irritation.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested or if sap comes into contact with skin or eyes
Dogs
ToxicIn dogs, ingestion of Euphorbia palustris can cause gastrointestinal distress and irritation due to the plant's toxic compounds. Skin contact with the sap may lead to localized irritation and discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested or if sap comes into contact with skin or eyes
Humans
ToxicEuphorbia palustris contains diterpenoid phorbol esters and other irritant compounds that can cause severe irritation and inflammation upon contact with mucous membranes or ingestion. The sap is particularly caustic and can lead to significant tissue damage.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested or if sap comes into contact with skin or eyes
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Euphorbia palustris toxic to pets?
A: Yes, it is mildly toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.
Q: Does Marsh Spurge attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it attracts bees, butterflies, and birds with its flowers.
Q: How much sunlight does Euphorbia palustris need?
A: It thrives in full sun to partial shade.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Care: | easy |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during growi |
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