Candelabra Tree
euphorbia ammak
Also known as: ["Candelabra Spurge","Euphorbia ammak var. ammak"]
Overview
A tall, columnar succulent tree native to Yemen and Saudi Arabia, known for its spiny stems and milky latex.
Benefits & Perks
["drought tolerant","shade tolerant","rare/collector’s item"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Euphorbia |
| Botanical Name: | Euphorbia ammak |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Succulents & Cacti
- Suitable Location: indoor pot in bright, sunny location or outdoor garden in arid, well-drained area
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: high
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–35°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining cactus or succulent mix with added perlite or coarse sand.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: low
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: As needed, typically annually or after flowering.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of growth if overgrown.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours direct sunlight daily); tolerates intense light but benefits from slight shade in extreme heat.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense light; protect from scorching midday sun; indoors, place near a south-facing window with unobstructed light.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun
Rotate plant weekly for even growth; use sheer curtains in summer to diffuse harsh light; avoid shaded spots.
Watering
every 2–3 weeks during active growth, reduce to monthly in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; allow soil to dry completely between waterings; avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal issues.
Soil
fast-draining cactus mix with coarse sand or perlite
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Use terra cotta pots for better drainage; avoid peat-heavy mixes; top-dress with gravel for extra drainage.
Temperature
Prefers 65–85°F (18–29°C); thrives in warm, arid conditions; tolerates brief dips to 50°F (10°C) but not frost.
Avoid drafty areas; protect from frost; maintain consistent temperatures during active growth.
Fertilizing
every 2–3 months during growing season with balanced cactus fertilizer
Fertilize only when actively growing; avoid over-fertilization to prevent salt buildup; flush soil occasionally to remove excess salts.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings (cautiously, as sap is toxic); occasionally offsets or seeds.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Cut a healthy stem.
- Let sap dry for 1–2 days.
- Plant in medium.
- Water sparingly until roots form.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when temperatures are warm and stable.
Environment
Warm (70–80°F), high humidity (60–70%), indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining mix of cactus soil and perlite; can root in water if sap is handled carefully.
Hormone
Optional, but rooting hormone can speed up the process.
Timeline
Roots may form in 2–4 weeks; establish in new pot within 2–3 months.
Tools Needed
Sharp, sterile knife; rooting hormone; pot with drainage; well-draining medium.
Quick Tips
Wear gloves to avoid sap irritation; use a humidifier for faster rooting; avoid overwatering new cuttings.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Cut stems just above a node or junction; wear gloves to avoid sap contact.
Pruning Plan
Remove dead or damaged stems to maintain shape and health; encourage bushier growth.
Tools
Sterile pruning shears, gloves, alcohol for tool disinfection.
Checklist
Disinfect tools; wear gloves; cut cleanly; dispose of pruned material safely; avoid pruning in winter.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Spring, before the active growth period.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter; ensure drainage holes are present.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; place in a slightly larger pot with fresh, well-draining soil.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; necessary to refresh soil and prevent root-bound conditions.
Checklist
Prepare new pot; trim roots if needed; use fresh soil; water lightly after repotting; place in shade for a few days.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; avoid wetting foliage; adjust seasonally.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water directly at the root zone until water drains from the bottom; ensure even saturation without pooling; water in the morning to allow foliage to dry.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply every 7–14 days during active growth (spring/summer), reducing frequency to monthly in winter. Adjust based on rainfall and humidity.
Soil Improvement
Add coarse sand, perlite, or pumice to standard potting soil; ensure no water retention.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis or leaf drop in cold; wilting or sunburn in excessive heat; stunted growth in temperature extremes.
Cold Stress
Slows growth; may cause root rot if soil remains wet; leaves may yellow or drop.
Solution: Move to a warmer location; ensure soil is dry; use a heat mat if temperatures drop below 50°F (10°C).
Hot Stress
Leaves may scorch or wilt; growth may slow; soil may dry too quickly.
Solution: Provide partial shade during peak heat; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check growth phase; dilute fertilizer; apply to moist soil; avoid contact with stem.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during spring/summer; cease in fall/winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicCats are susceptible to toxicity from Euphorbia ammak if they ingest any part of the plant. The toxic sap can cause severe gastrointestinal upset and irritation, with potential for more serious systemic effects depending on the amount consumed.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested
Dogs
ToxicIngestion of Euphorbia ammak by dogs can lead to severe gastrointestinal irritation due to the plant's toxic sap. The phorbol esters and other irritants can cause significant discomfort and potential systemic effects, particularly if large quantities are consumed.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested
Humans
ToxicThe milky sap of Euphorbia ammak contains diterpenoid phorbol esters and other irritants that can cause severe skin and eye irritation, as well as gastrointestinal distress if ingested. The plant's toxic compounds can lead to inflammation and potential systemic effects upon absorption.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if touched or ingested
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Euphorbia ammak toxic to pets?
A: Yes, it is toxic to dogs and cats due to its milky latex.
Q: How often should I water Euphorbia ammak?
A: Water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings.
Q: Can Euphorbia ammak be grown indoors?
A: It is best suited for outdoor cultivation due to its size and light requirements.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun |
| Water: | every 2–3 weeks during activ |
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