Tamboti
spirostachys africana
Also known as: ["Tamboti tree","Spik bush"]
Overview
A deciduous tree native to southern Africa, known for its toxic latex and hard wood.
Benefits & Perks
["drought tolerant","shade tolerant","rare/collector’s item"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Spirostachys |
| Botanical Name: | Spirostachys africana |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Trees
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden in arid or semi-arid regions
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: high
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"15–35°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
- Misting: rarely required
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, sandy loam with some organic matter; cactus or succulent mix is ideal.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: Light pruning can be done anytime; major pruning is best done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of the plant if necessary, but avoid heavy pruning unless needed.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; can tolerate some direct morning sun but avoid harsh afternoon sun, especially in summer.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to direct sunlight; protect from intense midday sun; place in a spot with filtered light or dappled shade outdoors.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun
Rotate plant monthly for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter harsh sunlight; avoid placing near west-facing windows in summer.
Watering
every 4–6 weeks during active growth, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries out between waterings; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
Soil
well-draining, sandy loam
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Use a mix with good drainage; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.
Temperature
Prefers warm temperatures between 65–85°F (18–29°C); can tolerate mild cold but thrives in consistently warm conditions.
Avoid sudden temperature fluctuations; protect from cold drafts; maintain consistent warmth during winter.
Fertilizing
every 2 months during active growth, none in winter
Fertilize only during active growth; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; use a balanced formula for overall health.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or seeds; stem cuttings are more common and reliable for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 4–6 inch cutting.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in moist medium.
- Keep humid and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm, humid environment with indirect light; maintain temperatures around 70–75°F (21–24°C).
Medium
Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus mix.
Hormone
Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.
Timeline
Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; new growth may take an additional 2–3 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining medium, plastic wrap or propagator.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; keep medium consistently moist but not waterlogged; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Use clean cuts just above a leaf node or branch junction; remove crossing or inward-growing branches.
Pruning Plan
Prune to maintain shape, encourage bushier growth, and remove dead or diseased parts; focus on structural improvement.
Tools
Pruning shears, sterilizing solution, gloves, clean cloth.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune dead or damaged growth first; make clean cuts; dispose of pruned material properly.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Spring is the best time to repot, as the plant is entering its active growth phase.
Pot Size
Choose a pot one size larger (1–2 inches wider in diameter) than the current one.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim any circling roots; place in a new pot with fresh soil; water lightly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; necessary to refresh soil and provide more space.
Checklist
Check root bound status; prepare new pot with drainage holes; use fresh, well-draining soil; water sparingly after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply; ensure proper drainage; adjust frequency by season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water directly at the root zone until water drains from the bottom; ensure even moisture without waterlogging; water in the morning to allow foliage to dry.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once every 7–10 days during active growth in spring and summer; reduce frequency to every 3–4 weeks in fall and winter, allowing soil to dry completely between waterings.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand to improve drainage; incorporate compost for organic matter; ensure good aeration.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Yellowing leaves, leaf drop, or stunted growth in cold; wilting, scorching, or leaf burn in excessive heat.
Cold Stress
Low temperatures slow growth and can cause root damage; prolonged cold may lead to leaf drop and dormancy.
Solution: Move plant to a warmer location; protect from drafts; use a space heater if temperatures drop below 50°F (10°C).
Hot Stress
Excessive heat can cause leaf scorch, wilting, and dehydration; may lead to reduced vigor and flowering.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity with misting or a humidifier; ensure adequate watering.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check growth phase before fertilizing; dilute fertilizer correctly; avoid over-fertilizing; stop in winter.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer; avoid fertilizing in fall and winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicSpirostachys africana is toxic to cats, with ingestion leading to severe gastrointestinal distress and potential liver toxicity. The plant's compounds are particularly dangerous for feline physiology.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
ToxicThe toxic compounds in Spirostachys africana are harmful to dogs, causing severe gastrointestinal and systemic effects. Ingestion can lead to serious health complications, particularly affecting the liver.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
ToxicSpirostachys africana contains toxic compounds, including spirostachydrin, which can cause severe physiological effects upon ingestion. These compounds interfere with cellular processes, leading to significant health risks.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Spirostachys africana safe for pets?
A: No, it is highly toxic to dogs and cats.
Q: What are the uses of Spirostachys africana?
A: Its wood is used for fuel and construction, but caution is advised due to its toxicity.
Q: How should I care for Spirostachys africana?
A: It requires moderate maintenance, prefers full sun to partial shade, and is drought-tolerant once established.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun |
| Water: | every 4–6 weeks during activ |
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