Arkansas oak
quercus arkansana
Also known as: ["Arkansas oak","Dwarf live oak"]
Overview
A small, evergreen oak species native to the southern United States, known for its low-growing habit and small leaves.
Benefits & Perks
["wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","shade tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Genus: | Quercus |
| Botanical Name: | Quercus arkansana |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Trees
- Suitable Location: native woodland edges, open areas, or as a specimen tree in a garden
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"−12–38°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"5–9"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if grown in very dry indoor conditions
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent root rot.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with organic matter; tolerates sandy or clay soils if well-drained.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth starts.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid heavy pruning unless necessary for health or shape.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct sunlight per day, with some afternoon shade in hot climates.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate the plant gradually to intense sunlight; protect from harsh afternoon sun to prevent scorching; adjust placement based on seasonal light changes.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Monitor for leaf scorch; provide shade during peak summer heat; rotate the plant for even light exposure.
Watering
every 7–10 days during dry periods, less frequently in winter
Water deeply to encourage root growth; avoid frequent shallow watering; ensure soil dries slightly between waterings.
Soil
well-drained, sandy loam with moderate fertility
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0).
Ensure good drainage; amend with organic matter; avoid compacted soil.
Temperature
Prefers temperate climates; ideal range 60–75°F (15–24°C); tolerates mild frosts but avoid prolonged freezing.
Protect from frost; provide shade in summer; maintain consistent temperatures for optimal growth.
Fertilizing
rarely needed, apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once a year in early spring if growth is poor
Fertilize only when actively growing; use a low-nitrogen formula; water thoroughly after fertilizing.
Propagation
Methods
Seed propagation is most common; can also be propagated by root cuttings in late winter or early spring.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Collect mature acorns or take root cuttings.
- Prepare medium.
- Plant seeds or cuttings.
- Maintain moisture and warmth.
Best Time: Late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
Environment
Warm, humid environment with indirect light; maintain consistent moisture.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix with added perlite or sand for aeration.
Hormone
Not typically required for seeds; rooting hormone may aid root cuttings.
Timeline
Seeds may take 1–3 months to germinate; root cuttings can root in 4–8 weeks.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone (optional), pots, well-draining soil mix.
Quick Tips
Ensure seeds are viable; use sterile tools; maintain consistent moisture for cuttings.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Use clean cuts just above a bud or branch junction; remove branches that cross or rub against each other.
Pruning Plan
Minimal pruning required; focus on removing dead, damaged, or crossing branches to maintain shape and health.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers, saw (for larger branches), disinfectant.
Checklist
Disinfect tools; prune during dormancy; remove dead or diseased wood; shape as needed.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before new growth begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter if repotting is necessary.
Method
Gently remove the plant; trim roots if necessary; repot in fresh, well-draining soil with added organic matter.
Suggestions
Generally not required for outdoor planting; container-grown plants may need repotting every 2–3 years.
Checklist
Prepare new pot with drainage holes; use fresh soil mix; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply; avoid wetting foliage; ensure proper drainage.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone. Water early in the morning to minimize evaporation and allow foliage to dry.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once a week during the growing season, reducing frequency in winter. Adjust based on rainfall and soil moisture levels.
Soil Improvement
Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve structure and fertility; incorporate sand or perlite for drainage.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Leaf scorch in excessive heat; leaf drop or browning in cold stress; stunted growth in temperature extremes.
Cold Stress
Low temperatures can cause leaf drop, reduced photosynthesis, and potential dieback of tender growth.
Solution: Protect with frost cloth or mulch; avoid planting in exposed, windy areas; ensure good soil drainage to prevent root rot.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat can lead to wilting, leaf scorch, and reduced vigor, especially if combined with drought stress.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check plant's growth stage; use appropriate fertilizer; apply at recommended rates; water after application.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring; avoid over-fertilizing, especially in established plants.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats may experience mild gastrointestinal irritation if they ingest the acorns or leaves of Quercus arkansana due to the presence of tannins. The toxicity is generally low, but caution is advised.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Slightly ToxicThe acorns and leaves of Quercus arkansana contain tannins that can lead to mild gastrointestinal upset in dogs. The effects are typically not severe but can cause discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Slightly ToxicQuercus arkansana, commonly known as Arkansas oak, contains tannins in its acorns and leaves which can cause mild gastrointestinal distress upon ingestion. The physiological impact is generally limited to irritation of the digestive tract.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Quercus arkansana suitable for small gardens?
A: Yes, due to its low-growing habit, it is well-suited for smaller garden spaces.
Q: Does this oak species produce acorns?
A: Yes, like other oaks, it produces acorns, which are a food source for wildlife.
Q: How does Quercus arkansana differ from other oak species?
A: It is distinguished by its small size, evergreen leaves, and low-growing form, setting it apart from larger deciduous oaks.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Fagaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during dry p |
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