Chinese Flame Tree
sterculia monosperma
Also known as: ["Flame Tree","Chinese Flame Tree"]
Overview
A deciduous tree native to China and Southeast Asia, known for its striking orange-red flowers and bipinnate leaves.
Benefits & Perks
["long-flowering","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","seasonal color change"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Genus: | Sterculia |
| Botanical Name: | Sterculia monosperma |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Trees
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden in warm, sheltered spot
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"15–35°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging; ensure excess water can escape freely from the pot.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter; can tolerate slightly sandy or clay soils if amended for drainage.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth begins; light pruning can be done as needed throughout the year.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of the oldest stems to rejuvenate growth.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily, with some afternoon shade in hot climates to prevent leaf scorch.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate the plant gradually to intense sunlight if moving from indoors; protect from harsh afternoon sun in arid regions; adjust placement based on seasonal light changes.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate the plant weekly for even growth; use shade cloth in extreme heat; avoid placing near reflective surfaces that intensify sunlight.
Watering
every 7–10 days during growing season, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom, avoid overwatering, and adjust frequency based on season and weather.
Soil
well-draining, loamy soil with moderate organic content
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral, pH 6.0–7.0.
Use a pot with drainage holes; avoid compacted soil; refresh soil every few years; ensure even moisture retention.
Temperature
Thrives in warm temperatures, 65–85°F (18–29°C); tolerates brief periods of cooler temperatures but prefers stable warmth year-round.
Monitor temperature fluctuations; protect from frost; maintain consistent warmth during active growth.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during active growth with balanced fertilizer
Apply fertilizer after watering to prevent root burn; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; adjust frequency based on plant growth.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or seeds; stem cuttings are more common for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 4–6 inch cutting with at least two nodes.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Apply rooting hormone.
- Plant in moist propagation medium.
- Keep humid and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm, humid environment with indirect light; maintain temperatures around 70–75°F (21–24°C) for best results.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix with perlite or sand; can also be propagated in water initially.
Hormone
Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.
Timeline
Stem cuttings may root in 4–8 weeks; seed germination can take 2–4 weeks under optimal conditions.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining soil mix, plastic wrap or propagator.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, disease-free cuttings; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat if possible; avoid direct sunlight.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Use clean, sharp tools; make cuts just above a leaf node or branch junction; remove crossing or crowded branches to improve air circulation.
Pruning Plan
Prune to maintain shape, encourage bushier growth, and remove dead or diseased branches; also prune to control size in containers.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers (for larger branches), sterilizing solution (e.g., rubbing alcohol), gloves.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune during dormancy; remove dead/diseased wood; shape the plant; clean up debris after pruning.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before the growing season begins; avoid repotting during winter dormancy.
Pot Size
Choose a pot one size larger (1–2 inches wider in diameter) than the current one; ensure it has drainage holes.
Method
Remove the plant gently; trim any circling roots; place in a new pot with fresh, well-draining soil; water thoroughly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound; beneficial for container-grown plants to refresh soil and provide space for growth.
Checklist
Select appropriate pot size; prepare new soil mix; gently remove plant; prune roots if necessary; repot and water; place in shaded area for recovery.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply; ensure proper drainage; adjust frequency seasonally.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water directly at the root zone, ensuring even moisture distribution; water early in the morning or late in the evening to minimize evaporation; allow excess water to drain completely to prevent root rot.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once every 7–10 days during active growth in spring and summer; reduce frequency to every 2–3 weeks in fall and winter, allowing soil to dry out between waterings.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand to improve drainage; incorporate compost or well-rotted manure for fertility; ensure soil is loose and airy.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis (yellowing leaves), leaf drop, stunted growth, or wilting during extreme heat or cold.
Cold Stress
Prolonged exposure to temperatures below 50°F (10°C) can cause leaf drop, slowed growth, and potential frost damage.
Solution: Move the plant indoors or to a protected location during cold spells; use frost cloth or mulch to insulate roots; avoid placing near drafty windows or doors.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat above 90°F (32°C) can lead to leaf scorch, wilting, and reduced flowering.
Solution: Provide shade during peak afternoon sun; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use diluted fertilizer; fertilize during growing season; avoid over-fertilization; flush soil periodically.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer; avoid fertilizing in fall and winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicThe seeds and leaves of Sterculia monosperma are toxic to cats, inducing gastrointestinal upset and potential systemic toxicity. The plant's compounds can cause significant health issues in felines.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
ToxicThe seeds and leaves of Sterculia monosperma are toxic to dogs, causing gastrointestinal and systemic distress. The toxic compounds can lead to severe health complications if ingested.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
ToxicThe seeds and leaves of Sterculia monosperma contain toxic compounds that can cause severe physiological effects upon ingestion. These compounds interfere with normal cellular functions and can lead to systemic toxicity.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Sterculia monosperma suitable for indoor cultivation?
A: No, it is a large tree best suited for outdoor landscapes.
Q: Does the Chinese Flame Tree attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it is known to attract bees, butterflies, and birds.
Q: How often should it be watered?
A: Water moderately, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during growi |
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