African Lily, Lily of the Nile
agapanthus campanulatus
Also known as: ["African Blue Lily","Agapanthus"]
Overview
A herbaceous perennial with large, spherical clusters of blue or white flowers on tall stalks, native to Southern Africa.
Benefits & Perks
["long-flowering","deer resistant","fragrant flowers","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Liliopsida |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Amaryllidaceae |
| Genus: | Agapanthus |
| Botanical Name: | Agapanthus campanulatus |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Flowers
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden bed in a sunny spot, or container on a patio
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"5–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"8–11"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent bulb rot.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter; can tolerate sandy or clay soils if amended.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: After flowering; as needed to remove dead foliage.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid heavy pruning unless necessary for division or rejuvenation.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours/day); tolerates partial shade but may produce fewer blooms.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense sunlight; protect from harsh afternoon sun in hot climates; ensure adequate light indoors.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
easymoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sun; avoid deep shade.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure proper drainage; adjust based on season and growth stage.
Soil
well-draining, loamy soil with some organic matter
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Avoid waterlogged soil; use raised beds in heavy soils; topdress with compost annually.
Temperature
Prefers 60–75°F (15–24°C); can tolerate mild frosts but thrives in warm conditions.
Protect from frost; avoid sudden temperature swings; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing
monthly during spring and summer, none in winter
Dilute fertilizer to half strength; apply after watering; stop in fall to prepare for dormancy.
Propagation
Methods
Division of rhizomes or bulb offsets; stem cuttings can also be used but are less common.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Separate rhizomes or take cuttings.
- Prepare medium.
- Plant.
- Water lightly.
- Maintain humidity.
Best Time: Late winter or early spring before active growth begins.
Environment
Warm (65–75°F), humid, and bright indirect light; protect from direct sun.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix (e.g., cactus mix with perlite or sand).
Hormone
Optional but can help with root initiation.
Timeline
Rhizome division: immediate establishment; stem cuttings: 4–8 weeks for roots, 6–12 months to mature.
Tools Needed
Sharp knife, clean pots, rooting hormone (optional), misting spray bottle.
Quick Tips
Divide rhizomes when clumps are crowded; use sterile tools to prevent disease; keep cuttings moist but not waterlogged.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Cut flower stalks at the base; trim leaves just above the bulb or rhizome.
Pruning Plan
Remove spent flower stalks to encourage reblooming; trim dead or damaged leaves to maintain appearance.
Tools
Pruning shears, sharp knife, gloves.
Checklist
Check for dead/damaged parts; use clean tools; cut at the right angle; dispose of clippings.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before new growth starts.
Pot Size
One size larger pot (e.g., +2–3 inches in diameter); ensure good drainage.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; place in a new pot with fresh soil; water lightly.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound; overcrowding can reduce blooming.
Checklist
Check root health; prepare new pot; use fresh soil; water after repotting; place in appropriate light.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone; avoid wetting foliage; allow excess water to drain away.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure good aeration.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Leaf yellowing or browning; stunted growth; bud drop; wilting.
Cold Stress
Slows growth; may cause leaf damage or dieback in prolonged cold; bulbs can rot in waterlogged soil.
Solution: Mulch heavily in winter; move potted plants indoors; ensure well-draining soil to prevent bulb rot.
Hot Stress
Leaf scorch; wilting despite moist soil; reduced flowering; potential dehydration.
Solution: Provide afternoon shade; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check season; use balanced fertilizer; dilute properly; apply to moist soil.
Fertilizing Method
Use balanced liquid fertilizer every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring/summer); avoid fertilizing in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats may experience mild gastrointestinal irritation if they ingest parts of Agapanthus campanulatus due to the presence of saponins. The effects are generally not severe but can cause discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Slightly ToxicThe saponins present in Agapanthus campanulatus can cause mild gastrointestinal upset in dogs if ingested. While not life-threatening, ingestion may lead to discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Slightly ToxicAgapanthus campanulatus contains saponins, which can cause mild gastrointestinal irritation when ingested. The plant is not highly toxic to humans but can cause discomfort if consumed in significant quantities.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Agapanthus campanulatus toxic to pets?
A: Yes, it is mildly toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.
Q: How often should I water Agapanthus?
A: Water moderately during the growing season, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Reduce watering in winter.
Q: Does Agapanthus campanulatus attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it attracts bees, butterflies, and birds with its fragrant flowers.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Amaryllidaceae |
| Care: | easy |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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