Shortleaf Fig

ficus citrifolia

Also known as: ["Shortleaf Fig","Shortleaf Fig Tree","Shortleaf Fig Plant"]

Family: Moraceae Genus: Ficus Category: Trees

Overview

A tropical fig species native to the Caribbean and Central America, known for its large, glossy leaves and aerial roots.

Benefits & Perks

["aesthetic foliage","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rosales
Family: Moraceae
Genus: Ficus
Botanical Name: Ficus citrifolia

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Trees
  • Suitable Location: indoor pot in a bright room with high humidity, or outdoor sheltered location in frost-free climates
  • Suitable For:
    Collectors & Enthusiasts Outdoor Landscapers Wildlife Supporters
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"15–35°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
  • Misting: every 2–3 days, especially in dry indoor environments to maintain humidity
  • Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
  • Soil Type: Well-draining potting mix with added perlite or sand for aeration.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: moderate
  • Toughness Level: moderate
  • Pruning Frequency: Annually or as needed to maintain shape; after flowering if applicable.
  • Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of growth if necessary.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; tolerates some direct morning sun but avoid harsh afternoon sun.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to direct light; protect from intense sun to prevent leaf scorch; adjust placement based on indoor/outdoor conditions.

Warning Signs: Yellowing leaves, root rot, or stunted growth indicate poor soil or drainage issues.

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
moderate

moderate

Sunlight

bright, indirect light; tolerates partial shade

Rotate plant weekly for even growth; use sheer curtains to filter harsh light; move outdoors in warm months for better light exposure.

Watering

every 7–10 days, allowing soil to dry slightly between waterings

Allow soil to dry partially between waterings; avoid overwatering; ensure good drainage.

Soil

well-draining, fertile potting mix with added organic matter

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).

Ensure pots have drainage holes; avoid heavy clay soils; topdress with compost annually.

Temperature

Prefers 65–85°F (18–29°C); thrives in warm, stable conditions; sensitive to cold drafts.

Avoid sudden temperature changes; keep away from air conditioning vents; maintain stable warmth year-round.

Fertilizing

every 4–6 weeks during active growth (spring and summer), with a balanced liquid fertilizer

Fertilize only when actively growing; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; avoid overfertilizing.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings with leaf nodes; air layering for larger plants.

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Select healthy stem.
  2. Cut below node.
  3. Apply hormone.
  4. Plant in medium.
  5. Maintain humidity.
  6. Wait for roots.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Environment

High humidity (70–90%), warm temperatures (75–85°F), indirect light.

Medium

Well-draining mix like perlite and peat moss or cactus mix.

Hormone

Rooting hormone recommended for faster root development.

Timeline

Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; new growth in 2–3 months.

Tools Needed

Pruning shears, rooting hormone, plastic bag or propagator, misting bottle.

Quick Tips

Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat for faster rooting.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Selective thinning, heading back, or shaping cuts depending on desired outcome.

Pruning Plan

Shape the plant, encourage bushier growth, and remove dead or overgrown branches.

Tools

Pruning shears, loppers, gloves, disinfectant.

Checklist

Disinfect tools; prune during dormancy or active growth; make clean cuts; remove dead/diseased wood.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Spring, before the main growing season begins.

Pot Size

Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter; ensure good drainage holes.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if needed; place in new pot with fresh soil; water lightly.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; necessary to refresh soil and provide space.

Checklist

Check root bound status; prepare new pot; use fresh soil mix; water after repotting.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom, ensuring even moisture reaches the root zone; avoid wetting foliage to prevent fungal issues.

Pro Tip: Use room temperature water to avoid shocking the roots.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply when the top 1–2 inches of soil are dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate organic matter like compost for fertility.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Leaf drop, yellowing, or wilting; stunted growth; bud drop.

Cold Stress

Leaves may curl, drop, or turn brown; growth slows or halts; risk of root damage in freezing temperatures.

Solution: Move to a warmer location; protect from drafts; use a space heater if necessary; avoid cold soil.

Hot Stress

Wilting, leaf scorch, or leaf drop; may drop fruit prematurely; growth may slow.

Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity; water more frequently but avoid waterlogging.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Check growth phase; use diluted fertilizer; apply to moist soil; avoid contact with leaves.

Fertilizing Method

Use balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring/summer); reduce or stop in fall/winter.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellow leaves in Ficus citrifolia can indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or pest infestations, affecting photosynthesis and overall plant health.

Wilting in Ficus citrifolia is often due to water stress, either from overwatering causing root rot or underwatering leading to dehydration, both of which impair nutrient uptake.

Leaf spots on Ficus citrifolia can be caused by fungal or bacterial infections, resulting in reduced photosynthetic efficiency and potential leaf drop.

Rotting, particularly root or stem rot, in Ficus citrifolia is commonly caused by excessive moisture and poor drainage, leading to decay and potential plant death.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Toxic

Ficus citrifolia is toxic to cats, with the latex and leaves being particularly harmful. Ingestion can lead to severe gastrointestinal distress and skin irritation, posing a risk to feline health.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea drooling lethargy
🌿 Toxic Parts:
leaves latex
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Prevent cats from accessing the plant. Contact a veterinarian if ingestion is suspected.
Dogs
Toxic

The latex and leaves of Ficus citrifolia are toxic to dogs, causing severe gastrointestinal upset and potential skin irritation. The plant's sap can lead to significant discomfort and health issues.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea drooling lethargy
🌿 Toxic Parts:
leaves latex
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Keep dogs away from the plant. If ingestion occurs, seek veterinary attention immediately.
Humans
Toxic

Ficus citrifolia contains irritant compounds, particularly in the latex, which can cause significant gastrointestinal distress and skin irritation upon contact. The plant's sap is known to be a potent irritant.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea skin irritation abdominal pain
🌿 Toxic Parts:
leaves latex
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Avoid ingestion and direct skin contact with the plant's sap. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Important: Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets. If ingestion occurs, contact poison control or veterinary services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is Ficus citrifolia toxic to pets?

A: Yes, it is mildly toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.

Q: How often should I water Ficus citrifolia?

A: Water when the top inch of soil is dry, typically once a week.

Q: Does Ficus citrifolia require full sun?

A: It thrives in partial shade to full sun, but protection from intense afternoon sun is recommended.

Quick Reference
Family: Moraceae
Care: moderate
Light: bright, indirect light; tolera
Water: every 7–10 days, allowing so
Suitable For: ["collectors/enthusiasts","outdoor landscapers","wildlife supporters (attracts bees, butterflies, birds)"]
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