Sand Broom
genista raetam
Also known as: ["False Dyer's Broom","Sand Genista"]
Overview
A spiny, evergreen shrub native to the Mediterranean region, known for its yellow flowers and tolerance to harsh, sandy conditions.
Benefits & Perks
["drought tolerant","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","low maintenance"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Genus: | Genista |
| Botanical Name: | Genista raetam |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Shrubs
- Suitable Location: rock gardens, dry slopes, or xeriscaped areas
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"0–45°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"7–10"}
- Misting: rarely required
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent root rot.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, sandy, or loamy soil with low organic matter.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: low
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of old growth to rejuvenate the plant.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily); tolerates partial shade in extreme heat.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually if moving from shade to sun; protect from intense midday sun in hot climates; ensure good air circulation to prevent sunburn.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun
Use shade cloth in extreme heat; rotate plant for even light exposure; avoid sudden light changes.
Watering
every 4–6 weeks during active growth, less in winter
Water thoroughly until runoff, ensure excellent drainage, and avoid frequent light watering.
Soil
well-drained, sandy or rocky soil
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Ensure pots have drainage holes; avoid heavy clay soils; use cactus or succulent mixes.
Temperature
Prefers warm to hot temperatures (65–95°F or 18–35°C); tolerates mild frosts but thrives in arid conditions.
Protect from frost; ensure good air circulation in heat; adjust watering with temperature.
Fertilizing
rarely required, annually in spring if needed
Fertilize only during active growth; avoid over-fertilizing; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or seed; stem cuttings are more reliable for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take 4–6 inch cuttings.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Keep moist and warm.
Best Time: Late spring to early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm (70–75°F or 21–24°C), high humidity (70–80%), and bright indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus mix.
Hormone
Recommended to use rooting hormone for faster and more reliable rooting.
Timeline
Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establish in new pot after 3–6 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining medium, plastic wrap or propagator.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain humidity; avoid direct sun during rooting.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Selective thinning of branches; heading back to encourage denser growth.
Pruning Plan
Prune to maintain shape, encourage bushiness, and remove dead or weak growth.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers (for larger branches), gloves.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune dead/damaged wood; shape the plant; clean up debris.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before active growth starts.
Pot Size
Move to a pot one size larger (1–2 inches wider in diameter).
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; repot in fresh, well-draining soil; ensure good drainage.
Suggestions
Repot only when root-bound or every 2–3 years to refresh soil.
Checklist
Check root boundness; prepare new pot with drainage; trim roots if needed; use fresh soil.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water directly at the root zone, apply until water drains from the bottom, ensure excess water is removed, and water early in the morning or late in the evening to minimize evaporation.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply but infrequently, allowing soil to dry out between waterings. Reduce watering significantly during winter dormancy.
Soil Improvement
Add coarse sand or perlite to improve drainage; incorporate small amounts of compost for fertility.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis, leaf drop, stunted growth, or wilting in extreme heat or cold.
Cold Stress
Leaves may turn yellow or drop; growth slows or halts; may suffer root damage in prolonged freezing.
Solution: Provide frost protection in cold climates; move to a sheltered location; avoid overwatering during cold periods.
Hot Stress
Wilting, leaf scorch, or reduced flowering; may drop leaves to conserve water.
Solution: Provide afternoon shade; increase watering frequency; mist foliage during extreme heat.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use diluted fertilizer; apply during growing season; avoid winter feeding.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, low-nitrogen fertilizer diluted to half strength; apply once in spring and once in summer; avoid fertilizing in fall or winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicCats are particularly sensitive to the alkaloids in Genista raetam, which can cause severe gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. The small size of cats makes them more vulnerable to toxic effects.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
ToxicThe alkaloids present in Genista raetam can be toxic to dogs, potentially leading to more severe gastrointestinal and neurological effects compared to humans. Prolonged exposure may result in systemic toxicity.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Slightly ToxicGenista raetam contains alkaloids that can cause mild gastrointestinal distress and neurological symptoms if ingested in significant quantities. The physiological impact is generally limited to temporary discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Genista raetam suitable for coastal gardens?
A: Yes, it is highly tolerant of sandy and saline conditions, making it ideal for coastal landscapes.
Q: Does Genista raetam attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it produces nectar-rich flowers that attract bees, butterflies, and birds.
Q: How should Genista raetam be pruned?
A: Prune lightly after flowering to maintain shape and remove dead or spindly branches.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun |
| Water: | every 4–6 weeks during activ |
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