African medlar
vangueria infausta
Also known as: ["Bush medlar","Wild medlar"]
Overview
A deciduous tree native to Africa, known for its edible fruits and hardy nature.
Benefits & Perks
["edible fruits","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Genus: | Vangueria |
| Botanical Name: | Vangueria infausta |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Fruits
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden in warm, dry regions
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–40°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
- Misting: rarely required
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter; can tolerate sandy soils.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: high
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of old growth if necessary.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct sunlight per day in spring and summer; partial shade during intense midday sun in summer.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate the plant gradually to full sun if moved from shade; protect from harsh afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorch; adjust placement based on seasonal light intensity.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate the plant weekly for even growth; provide shade during peak summer heat; monitor for signs of sunburn or etiolation.
Watering
every 2–3 weeks during dry periods, more frequently in active growth
Allow the top 2–3 inches of soil to dry out between waterings; avoid overwatering, especially in winter; water early in the day to allow foliage to dry.
Soil
well-drained, sandy loam with moderate fertility
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral, pH 6.0–7.0.
Use a cactus or succulent mix as a base; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.
Temperature
Thrives in warm conditions, 65–85°F (18–29°C); tolerates mild frosts but prefers temperatures above 50°F (10°C); reduce watering in cooler temperatures.
Protect from frost; avoid placing near drafty windows or heat vents; adjust watering based on temperature fluctuations.
Fertilizing
every 3–4 months during growing season
Fertilize only when actively growing; use a balanced NPK ratio; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or seed; stem cuttings are more common for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 4–6 inch cutting.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in moist propagation medium.
- Keep humid and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm, humid environment with indirect light; maintain temperatures around 70–75°F (21–24°C).
Medium
Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus potting mix.
Hormone
Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.
Timeline
Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establishment may take several months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, propagation tray, humidity dome, well-draining medium.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Selective thinning and heading back to promote branching; avoid excessive cutting of main stems.
Pruning Plan
Prune to maintain shape, encourage bushier growth, and remove dead or diseased wood; focus on structural improvement and airflow.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers (for larger branches), sterilizing solution.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune during dormancy; remove dead/diseased wood first; make clean cuts just above buds or branches.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before the growing season begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter; ensure the new pot has drainage holes.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim any circling roots; place in a slightly larger pot with fresh, well-draining soil; water thoroughly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for younger plants to encourage growth.
Checklist
Choose appropriate pot size; prepare fresh soil mix; handle roots carefully; water after repotting; place in shade for a few days.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply and slowly; ensure proper drainage; adjust frequency by season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water thoroughly at the root zone until water drains from the bottom; ensure even moisture distribution without waterlogging; allow excess water to drain away completely.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once every 1–2 weeks during active growth in spring and summer; reduce frequency to once a month or less in fall and winter when the plant is dormant.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure soil is loose and aerated.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Leaf drop, yellowing, or wilting in cold stress; scorching or stunted growth in excessive heat.
Cold Stress
Low temperatures slow growth and can cause root damage; prolonged exposure below 40°F (4°C) may lead to dieback.
Solution: Move potted plants indoors or to a sheltered location; use frost cloth for outdoor plants; avoid overwatering in cold conditions.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat can cause leaf scorch, wilting, or premature fruit drop; may lead to dehydration if water needs are not met.
Solution: Provide afternoon shade; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use appropriate fertilizer type; follow dilution instructions; fertilize during growing season only; avoid contact with roots.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in spring; apply a diluted liquid fertilizer every 4–6 weeks during growing season; avoid fertilizing in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats may experience mild gastrointestinal issues if they consume large quantities of the seeds of Vangueria infausta. The toxicity is not severe but can cause discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in large quantities
Dogs
Slightly ToxicThe seeds of Vangueria infausta can cause mild gastrointestinal upset in dogs if consumed in large amounts. The toxic compounds are not highly concentrated but can lead to discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in large quantities
Humans
Slightly ToxicThe seeds of Vangueria infausta contain small amounts of toxic compounds that can cause mild gastrointestinal distress when ingested in large quantities. The physiological impact is generally limited to the digestive system.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in large quantities
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is the African medlar tree suitable for drought-prone areas?
A: Yes, it is highly drought-tolerant and thrives in arid conditions.
Q: Are the fruits of Vangueria infausta edible?
A: Yes, the fruits are edible and often consumed when ripe.
Q: Does this tree attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it is known to attract bees, butterflies, and birds due to its flowers and fruits.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 2–3 weeks during dry p |
Get Expert Care Tips
Download the Plantious app for personalized care reminders and plant identification!
Google Play App Store
