Miner's Lettuce
claytonia perfoliata
Also known as: ["Winter Purslane","Spring Beauty"]
Overview
A low-growing annual herb native to the western Americas, known for its round, cup-shaped leaves that encircle the stem and edible, mild-flavored leaves.
Benefits & Perks
["edible fruits","medicinal use","culinary herb","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","shade tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Montiaceae |
| Genus: | Claytonia |
| Botanical Name: | Claytonia perfoliata |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Herbs & Weeds
- Suitable Location: shaded garden bed or container in cooler climates
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"5–25°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"7–10"}
- Misting: every 2–3 days if grown indoors in dry conditions
- Drainage: Well-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Rich, well-draining soil with organic matter, such as compost or peat moss.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: very low
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: As needed, typically every few months or after flowering.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid removing more than one-third of the plant at a time.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright, indirect light for 4–6 hours daily. Tolerates partial shade; adjust exposure based on season and temperature.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense light; protect from harsh midday sun; indoors, place near an east or north window.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
very easyeasy
Sunlight
partial shade to full shade
Rotate plant weekly for even growth; use sheer curtains to filter direct sun; avoid placing in hot, direct afternoon light.
Watering
every 3–5 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Maintain even soil moisture; avoid letting soil dry out completely; ensure good drainage to prevent root rot.
Soil
moist, well-draining, rich in organic matter
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Use a mix of potting soil and perlite; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.
Temperature
Prefers cool conditions, ideally 50–65°F (10–18°C). Tolerates light frost but may struggle above 70°F (21°C).
Keep away from heat sources; maintain cool nights for best growth; adjust watering in extreme temperatures.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during growing season
Apply fertilizer after watering to prevent root burn; stop feeding in fall/winter; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or division of clumps.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 3–4 inch cutting.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Plant in moist medium.
- Keep warm and humid until roots develop.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm, humid environment with indirect light; maintain consistent moisture.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix, such as a mix of peat and perlite or cactus soil.
Hormone
Optional, but can help speed up rooting.
Timeline
Roots typically form in 2–4 weeks; new growth may appear in 4–6 weeks.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone (optional), small pots, well-draining soil mix.
Quick Tips
Keep cuttings out of direct sun; maintain high humidity with a plastic cover; check for root development after 2 weeks.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Pinch back stems or snip off dead foliage with clean cuts.
Pruning Plan
Light pruning to maintain shape and encourage bushier growth; remove any dead or yellowing leaves.
Tools
Clean scissors or pruning shears.
Checklist
Use clean tools; prune dead or damaged growth; shape as desired; dispose of clippings properly.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring, before active growth begins.
Pot Size
Choose a pot one size larger (1–2 inches wider in diameter) than the current one.
Method
Gently remove plant; trim any crowded roots; place in a new pot with fresh, well-draining soil; water lightly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 1–2 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for maintaining vigor.
Checklist
Select appropriate pot size; prepare fresh soil mix; handle roots gently; water after repotting; place in appropriate light.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture daily; water when top inch feels dry; ensure drainage holes are clear; avoid wetting foliage.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water thoroughly at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone. Allow excess water to drain away. Water in the morning to reduce evaporation and fungal risk.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water regularly, keeping soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Reduce frequency in winter or cooler conditions.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure soil is loose and airy.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Wilting, yellowing leaves, or stunted growth in excessive heat; leaf drop or browning in prolonged cold.
Cold Stress
Slows growth and may cause leaf discoloration or dieback if exposed to prolonged freezing temperatures.
Solution: Provide frost protection in cold climates; move indoors if temperatures drop below 20°F (-7°C); avoid drafty areas.
Hot Stress
Leaves may wilt, turn yellow, or drop; growth may become leggy or sparse in excessive heat.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity with misting or a tray of water; ensure adequate air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use diluted fertilizer; apply during growing season; avoid over-fertilizing; flush soil periodically.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during active growth (spring/summer). Avoid fertilizing in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Non-toxicClaytonia perfoliata is not known to be toxic to cats. It is not associated with any significant adverse effects when ingested by felines.
⚡ Toxic If:
Generally non-toxic
Dogs
Non-toxicClaytonia perfoliata is not known to be toxic to dogs. It is not associated with any significant adverse effects when ingested by canines.
⚡ Toxic If:
Generally non-toxic
Humans
Non-toxicClaytonia perfoliata, commonly known as miner's lettuce, is generally considered non-toxic to humans. It has been historically consumed as a leafy green vegetable and is rich in vitamin C.
⚡ Toxic If:
Generally non-toxic
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Miner's Lettuce edible?
A: Yes, the leaves and stems are edible and often used in salads.
Q: Does Miner's Lettuce require full sun?
A: It prefers partial shade and can tolerate shade, making it suitable for woodland gardens.
Q: Why is it called Miner's Lettuce?
A: It was consumed by gold miners during the California Gold Rush as a source of Vitamin C to prevent scurvy.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Montiaceae |
| Care: | very easy |
| Light: | partial shade to full shade |
| Water: | every 3–5 days during active |
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