Hollyleaf redberry
rhamnus ilicifolia
Also known as: ["Hollyleaf buckthorn"]
Overview
A dense, evergreen shrub native to coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats in Southern California, characterized by holly-like leaves and small red berries.
Benefits & Perks
["wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant","shade tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rhamnaceae |
| Genus: | Rhamnus |
| Botanical Name: | Rhamnus ilicifolia |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Shrubs
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden in a sheltered spot
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"5–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"8–10"}
- Misting: rarely required
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth starts.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate, depending on desired shape and size.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade (4–6 hours of direct sunlight daily). Tolerates some shade but may become leggy in deep shade.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate plants gradually to intense sunlight to avoid scorching. For indoor placement, provide bright indirect light supplemented with direct sun exposure. Outdoor plants benefit from morning sun and afternoon shade in hot climates.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even growth; use sheer curtains to filter intense light; avoid sudden light changes.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries partially between waterings; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
Soil
well-drained, loamy soil
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Use a mix of potting soil and perlite; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.
Temperature
Prefers mild temperatures (60–75°F or 15–24°C). Tolerates cooler temperatures but is sensitive to extreme heat and frost.
Avoid placing near drafty windows or heat sources; maintain consistent temperatures; protect from sudden temperature swings.
Fertilizing
every 2 months during spring and summer
Fertilize sparingly to avoid salt buildup; apply before new growth emerges; flush soil occasionally to prevent nutrient lockout.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or seed. Stem cuttings are more reliable for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take 4–6 inch cuttings.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Maintain humidity.
- Water lightly.
Best Time: Late spring to early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm (70–75°F or 21–24°C), high humidity (70–80%), and bright indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining mix of peat, perlite, and sand or cactus mix.
Hormone
Recommended to use rooting hormone for faster and more reliable rooting.
Timeline
Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establish in new pot within 3–6 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, misting spray bottle, plastic wrap or propagator.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Selective pruning of branches to open up the plant or reduce height; avoid heavy shearing.
Pruning Plan
Prune to maintain shape, encourage bushiness, and remove dead or diseased wood. Light pruning can be done annually to shape the plant.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers (for larger branches), sterilizing solution.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune dead/diseased wood first; make clean cuts; avoid over-pruning.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before active growth begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim any circling roots; place in a slightly larger pot with fresh, well-draining soil; water lightly.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot. Necessary to refresh soil and provide space for growth.
Checklist
Choose appropriate pot size; prepare fresh soil mix; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply; ensure proper drainage; adjust frequency seasonally.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone. Water until it drains from the bottom, but avoid waterlogging. Early morning or late evening watering is ideal to minimize evaporation.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once every 7–10 days during spring and summer, reducing frequency to every 2–3 weeks in fall and winter. Adjust based on rainfall and soil moisture.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure soil is loose and aerated.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis, leaf drop, stunted growth, or browning leaf edges in extreme heat or cold.
Cold Stress
Low temperatures can cause leaf drop, slowed growth, and potential dieback of tender parts.
Solution: Protect with frost cloth or mulch in winter; move potted plants indoors or to a sheltered location; avoid overwatering in cold conditions.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat can lead to wilting, leaf scorch, and reduced vigor, especially if combined with drought stress.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use balanced fertilizer; apply in spring; avoid winter feeding; monitor for nutrient deficiencies.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring. Dilute liquid fertilizer to half-strength if applied monthly during growing season. Avoid fertilizing in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicRhamnus ilicifolia is toxic to cats, with the berries and seeds being the most hazardous parts. The toxic compounds can cause severe gastrointestinal and systemic effects in felines.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
ToxicThe berries and seeds of Rhamnus ilicifolia are toxic to dogs due to the presence of emodin and other anthraquinones. Ingestion can lead to gastrointestinal upset and other systemic issues in canines.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
ToxicRhamnus ilicifolia contains compounds that can have toxic effects on humans, particularly when ingested. The berries and seeds are known to contain emodin and other anthraquinones, which can cause gastrointestinal distress and other systemic effects.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Hollyleaf redberry suitable for coastal gardens?
A: Yes, it is well-adapted to coastal sage scrub habitats and tolerates salty air.
Q: Does this plant require frequent watering?
A: No, it is drought-tolerant once established and prefers dry conditions.
Q: Does Hollyleaf redberry attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it produces berries that attract birds and its flowers may attract bees.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Rhamnaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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