Drummond's evening primrose

oenothera drummondii

Also known as: ["Drummond's evening primrose","Drummond's primrose"]

Family: Onagraceae Genus: Oenothera Category: Flowers

Overview

A herbaceous perennial plant native to North America, known for its fragrant, yellow flowers that open in the evening.

Benefits & Perks

["fragrant flowers","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","low maintenance","fast growing"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Myrtales
Family: Onagraceae
Genus: Oenothera
Botanical Name: Oenothera drummondii

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Flowers
  • Suitable Location: outdoor garden bed in full sun, or container in a sunny location
  • Suitable For:
    Beginners Busy People (low Maintenance) Outdoor Landscapers Wildlife Supporters
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–35°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"8–11"}
  • Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
  • Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent root rot.
  • Soil Type: Well-draining, sandy loam with some organic matter.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: low
  • Toughness Level: moderate
  • Pruning Frequency: After flowering; as needed to remove dead or damaged growth.
  • Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid heavy pruning unless necessary.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily); tolerates partial shade in hot climates.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate plants gradually to intense sunlight; protect from harsh afternoon sun in hot regions; ensure proper ventilation if grown indoors.

Warning Signs: Yellowing leaves, root rot, or stunted growth indicate poor drainage or incorrect soil conditions.

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
easy

easy

Sunlight

full sun

Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sun; avoid placing near heat sources.

Watering

every 7–10 days during active growth, less frequently in dormant periods

Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries between waterings; avoid overhead watering.

Soil

well-draining, sandy or loamy soil

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).

Avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes; amend with organic matter for nutrients.

Temperature

Prefers warm temperatures (65–85°F or 18–29°C); thrives in mild to hot climates.

Avoid sudden temperature changes; protect from frost; ensure good air circulation.

Fertilizing

every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer with balanced liquid fertilizer

Apply fertilizer after watering; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; use organic options for gentle feeding.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings or seed; stem cuttings are faster and more reliable.

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Take a 4–6 inch cutting.
  2. Remove lower leaves.
  3. Dip in rooting hormone.
  4. Plant in medium.
  5. Keep moist and warm.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Environment

Warm (70–75°F or 21–24°C), high humidity, and bright indirect light.

Medium

Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus potting mix.

Hormone

Optional but recommended for faster rooting.

Timeline

Roots develop in 2–4 weeks; mature plant in 2–3 months.

Tools Needed

Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining medium.

Quick Tips

Use sterile tools; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat for faster rooting.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Deadhead spent flowers; trim back leggy stems to encourage bushier growth.

Pruning Plan

Remove spent flowers to encourage reblooming; trim leggy growth to maintain shape.

Tools

Pruning shears, gloves, clean cutting tool.

Checklist

Check for dead or diseased growth; sanitize tools; prune after flowering; dispose of clippings.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Spring, before the active growing season begins.

Pot Size

One size larger pot (e.g., +2 inches in diameter); ensure good drainage.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if crowded; place in a slightly larger pot with fresh soil; water lightly.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for growth and flowering.

Checklist

Check root bound status; prepare new pot with drainage; trim roots if needed; use fresh soil mix.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone; allow excess water to drain away; water in the morning to reduce evaporation.

Pro Tip: Use a watering can with a narrow spout to direct water to the roots without disturbing the soil surface.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply once the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add perlite or sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure good aeration.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Wilting, leaf scorch, or stunted growth in excessive heat; yellowing or root rot in cold conditions.

Cold Stress

Slows growth; may cause leaf drop or dieback in temperatures below 50°F (10°C).

Solution: Move to a warmer location; provide a protective mulch layer; avoid overwatering in cold conditions.

Hot Stress

Leaves may wilt or scorch; flowering may be reduced in extreme heat.

Solution: Provide afternoon shade; increase humidity; water deeply but infrequently.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Check fertilizer type; dilute properly; apply during active growth; avoid winter feeding.

Fertilizing Method

Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season; avoid fertilizing in winter.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellowing leaves in Oenothera drummondii may indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or pest infestations such as spider mites or aphids, which disrupt chlorophyll production and photosynthesis.

Wilting in Oenothera drummondii can result from water stress, either due to drought or overwatering leading to root rot, or from pest infestations that damage the vascular system.

Leaf spots on Oenothera drummondii are typically caused by fungal or bacterial pathogens, leading to reduced photosynthetic efficiency, premature leaf drop, and potential spread to other parts of the plant.

Rotting, particularly root or stem rot, in Oenothera drummondii is often caused by excessive moisture and poor drainage, leading to fungal infections that decompose plant tissues and can be fatal if untreated.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Non-toxic

Oenothera drummondii is not known to be toxic to cats. It does not pose any significant health risks upon ingestion or contact.

⚡ Toxic If:

None

No specific safety precautions are required for cats interacting with this plant.
Dogs
Non-toxic

Oenothera drummondii is not known to be toxic to dogs. It poses no significant health risks upon ingestion or contact.

⚡ Toxic If:

None

No specific safety precautions are required for dogs interacting with this plant.
Humans
Non-toxic

Oenothera drummondii is not known to exhibit toxic properties to humans. It is generally considered safe for handling and consumption.

⚡ Toxic If:

None

No specific safety precautions are required for human interaction with this plant.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Does Oenothera drummondii require full sun?

A: Yes, it thrives in full sun and well-drained soil.

Q: How often should I water Drummond's evening primrose?

A: Water sparingly, as it is drought-tolerant once established.

Q: Are the flowers fragrant?

A: Yes, the yellow flowers are highly fragrant, especially in the evening.

Quick Reference
Family: Onagraceae
Care: easy
Light: full sun
Water: every 7–10 days during activ
Suitable For: ["beginners","busy people (low maintenance)","outdoor landscapers","wildlife supporters (attracts bees, butterflies, birds)"]
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