Field Vetch
vicia segetalis
Also known as: ["Field Vetch","Segetal Vetch"]
Overview
A herbaceous annual legume with climbing or trailing stems, native to Mediterranean regions.
Benefits & Perks
["wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Genus: | Vicia |
| Botanical Name: | Vicia segetalis |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Herbs & Weeds
- Suitable Location: garden bed or container in a location with good air circulation
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"5–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"7–10"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter; suitable for raised beds or containers.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: low
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: As needed, typically after flowering or in early spring.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid heavy pruning unless necessary for shaping or rejuvenation.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct sunlight per day, with some afternoon shade in hot climates.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate plants gradually to intense sunlight; protect from harsh midday sun; adjust placement based on seasonal light changes.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
easymoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even growth; provide shade during peak heat; monitor for sunburn signs.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries between waterings; avoid overhead watering.
Soil
well-drained, loamy soil with moderate organic content
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral, pH 6.0–7.0.
Ensure soil is not compacted; avoid overwatering; test pH periodically.
Temperature
Prefers cool to moderate temperatures, 60–75°F (15–24°C); tolerates light frosts but avoid prolonged cold.
Protect from frost; avoid sudden temperature swings; maintain consistent moderate temperatures.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during growing season
Apply fertilizer after watering to prevent root burn; stop feeding in late autumn; use a nitrogen-rich fertilizer for leafy growth.
Propagation
Methods
Seed propagation is most common; can also be propagated by division in early spring.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Sow seeds shallowly.
- Keep moist.
- Thin seedlings as they grow.
- Divide mature plants by separating root clumps.
Best Time: Early spring or after flowering when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm, humid conditions with indirect light; maintain consistent moisture for seeds.
Medium
Well-draining seed starting mix or a mix of peat and perlite.
Hormone
Not typically required for seed propagation; division does not need hormone treatment.
Timeline
Seeds may take 2–4 weeks to germinate; division plants establish quickly within a few weeks.
Tools Needed
Seed trays, pots, trowel, sharp knife (for division).
Quick Tips
Use fresh seeds for best germination; ensure good air circulation to prevent mold; water gently to avoid displacing seeds.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Snip off dead or yellowing leaves; trim back overgrown stems to encourage bushier growth.
Pruning Plan
Minimal pruning needed; focus on removing dead or damaged growth to maintain plant health and appearance.
Tools
Pruning shears, sharp scissors, gloves.
Checklist
Disinfect tools; prune dead/damaged parts; shape as desired; clean up debris.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before new growth begins.
Pot Size
One size larger pot; ensure good drainage holes.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; place in a slightly larger pot with fresh soil; water thoroughly.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound; beneficial for container-grown plants.
Checklist
Choose appropriate pot; prepare new soil mix; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; avoid wetting foliage.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone; allow excess water to drain away; water in the morning to reduce evaporation.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add compost or well-rotted manure for fertility; incorporate perlite or sand for drainage; use mulch to retain moisture.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Wilting, yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or bud drop in extreme heat or cold.
Cold Stress
Slows growth, may cause leaf drop, and can lead to root damage if temperatures drop below freezing.
Solution: Provide frost protection in winter; move potted plants indoors; use mulch to insulate roots.
Hot Stress
Leaves may scorch, wilt, or drop; flowering may be reduced in excessive heat.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check fertilizer type; dilute properly; apply during active growth; avoid winter feeding.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during the growing season; avoid fertilizing in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats that ingest Vicia segetalis seeds or young pods may experience mild gastrointestinal symptoms due to alkaloid content.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Slightly ToxicIngestion of Vicia segetalis seeds or young pods by dogs may lead to mild gastrointestinal upset due to the presence of alkaloids.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Slightly ToxicVicia segetalis contains alkaloids that can cause mild gastrointestinal distress and other mild symptoms upon ingestion. The physiological impact is generally limited to the digestive system.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Vicia segetalis toxic to pets?
A: Reliable information on toxicity to pets is not available.
Q: How does Vicia segetalis benefit the garden?
A: It attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies and can improve soil nitrogen levels.
Q: Is Vicia segetalis suitable for beginners?
A: Yes, it is easy to grow and requires low maintenance.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Care: | easy |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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