White-fleshed pitaya, White dragon fruit

hylocereus undatus

Also known as: ["Pitahaya blanca","White pitaya"]

Family: Cactaceae Genus: Hylocereus Category: Fruits

Overview

A climbing cactus species known for its nocturnal white flowers and edible white-fleshed fruit with red skin.

Benefits & Perks

["edible fruits","fragrant flowers","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Genus: Hylocereus
Botanical Name: Hylocereus undatus

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Fruits
  • Suitable Location: indoor or outdoor in warm climates, trellised or allowed to trail
  • Suitable For:
    Collectors & Enthusiasts Outdoor Landscapers Edible Gardeners Wildlife Supporters
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"20–35°C, tolerate brief dips to 10°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"10–11"}
  • Misting: every 2–3 days in dry climates, rarely required in humid environments
  • Drainage: Fast-draining
  • Soil Type: Well-draining cactus or succulent mix with added perlite or sand.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: moderate
  • Toughness Level: moderate
  • Pruning Frequency: Annually or as needed to maintain shape and health.
  • Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of growth if overgrown.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; can tolerate direct morning sun but avoid harsh afternoon sun.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to direct sun; protect from intense midday sun; adjust placement based on indoor/outdoor conditions.

Warning Signs: Wilting despite moist soil (root rot), yellowing leaves (nutrient deficiency or overwatering).

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
moderate

easy

Sunlight

full sun to partial shade

Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sun; move outdoors in warm months.

Watering

every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter

Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries between waterings; avoid overwatering.

Soil

well-draining, sandy cactus mix

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (6.0–7.0)

Ensure pots have drainage holes; avoid heavy garden soil; top-dress with compost annually.

Temperature

Prefers 65–85°F (18–29°C); can tolerate brief drops to 50°F (10°C) but thrives in warmth.

Avoid drafty areas; use a heat mat in winter; monitor temperature fluctuations.

Fertilizing

every 4–6 weeks during growing season with balanced liquid fertilizer

Fertilize after watering to prevent root burn; switch to low-nitrogen formula for flowering.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Select a healthy stem.
  2. Let cut end callous for a few days.
  3. Plant in medium.
  4. Keep moist.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Environment

Warm (70–80°F), high humidity (60–70%), and indirect light.

Medium

Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus soil.

Hormone

Optional but recommended for faster rooting.

Timeline

Roots in 2–4 weeks; establish in 2–3 months.

Tools Needed

Sharp knife, rooting hormone, pot, well-draining medium.

Quick Tips

Use a clear plastic bag to maintain humidity; avoid overwatering new cuttings.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Cut stems just above a node or joint; sterilize tools between cuts.

Pruning Plan

Remove dead or overgrown stems to encourage new growth and better fruiting.

Tools

Pruning shears, sterilizing solution.

Checklist

Sterilize tools; cut at the right angle; dispose of trimmings; clean up debris.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Spring, before the growing season begins.

Pot Size

Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if needed; repot in fresh, well-draining soil.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; necessary for growth and fruiting.

Checklist

Choose the right pot; prepare new soil; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water directly at the root zone until water drains from the bottom; ensure even moisture without waterlogging.

Pro Tip: Use a watering can with a narrow spout to target the soil and avoid wetting the foliage.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply when the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add perlite or coarse sand to improve drainage; use organic matter for fertility.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Yellowing leaves (cold stress), wilting or sunburn (heat stress), slowed growth.

Cold Stress

Stagnant growth, leaf drop, and potential root damage in prolonged cold.

Solution: Move to a warmer location, insulate pots, and reduce watering in cold periods.

Hot Stress

Leaf scorch, dehydration, and wilting due to excessive heat.

Solution: Provide shade, increase humidity, and water more frequently during heatwaves.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Use diluted fertilizer; apply during active growth; cease in winter.

Fertilizing Method

Use a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring/summer); avoid winter.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellowing of leaves in Hylocereus undatus is not commonly reported, as the plant typically has green stems. However, yellowing may indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or disease.

Wilting in Hylocereus undatus can occur due to water stress, either from overwatering leading to root rot or underwatering causing dehydration. Both conditions can severely impact plant health and fruit development.

Leaf spots are not commonly reported on Hylocereus undatus, as the plant primarily has fleshy stems rather than broad leaves. However, similar symptoms on stems may indicate fungal or bacterial infections.

Rotting, particularly root or stem rot, can affect Hylocereus undatus, often caused by overwatering or poor drainage. This can lead to plant decline and death if not addressed promptly.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Non-toxic

Hylocereus undatus is not considered toxic to cats. The fruit is safe for consumption in moderation.

⚡ Toxic If:

Generally non-toxic

Monitor your cat for any signs of allergies or digestive upset if introduced to the fruit for the first time.
Dogs
Non-toxic

Hylocereus undatus is not considered toxic to dogs. The fruit is safe for consumption in moderation.

⚡ Toxic If:

Generally non-toxic

Monitor your dog for any signs of allergies or digestive upset if introduced to the fruit for the first time.
Humans
Non-toxic

Hylocereus undatus, commonly known as dragon fruit or pitahaya, is generally considered non-toxic to humans. The fruit is widely consumed and is a good source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.

⚡ Toxic If:

Generally non-toxic

While the fruit is safe for consumption, individuals with allergies to cacti should exercise caution.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How do I pollinate Hylocereus undatus?

A: Hand-pollinate by transferring pollen from the male anthers to the female stigma using a small brush, as the flowers open at night.

Q: What are the ideal growing conditions for this plant?

A: It thrives in warm, humid climates with well-draining soil, full sun to partial shade, and needs support for climbing.

Q: Is the fruit of Hylocereus undatus safe for pets?

A: Yes, the fruit is non-toxic to dogs and cats and can be safely consumed in moderation.

Quick Reference
Family: Cactaceae
Care: moderate
Light: full sun to partial shade
Water: every 7–10 days during activ
Suitable For: ["collectors/enthusiasts","outdoor landscapers","edible gardeners","wildlife supporters (attracts bees, butterflies, birds)"]
Get Expert Care Tips

Download the Plantious app for personalized care reminders and plant identification!

Google Play App Store
Share This Plant

Related Plants

Eve's Needle
View
Eastern Prickly Pear
View
Chlorophorus Gymnocalycium
View
Fairy Castle Cactus
View