Dutchman's Pipe Cactus, Queen of the Night
epiphyllum oxypetalum
Also known as: ["Night-Blooming Cereus","Kadupul Flower"]
Overview
A cactus species known for its large, fragrant, nocturnal flowers that bloom infrequently but spectacularly.
Benefits & Perks
["fragrant flowers","rare/collector’s item","low maintenance"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Genus: | Epiphyllum |
| Botanical Name: | Epiphyllum oxypetalum |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Flowers
- Suitable Location: indoor pot in bright, humid room or shaded outdoor area
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
- Misting: every 2–3 days in dry conditions, rarely required if humidity is adequate
- Drainage: Fast-draining
- Soil Type: Well-draining epiphytic mix with orchid bark, perlite, and peat moss
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: As needed, typically every 1–2 years or after flowering
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of the stems if necessary
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; avoid direct sunlight which can scorch leaves; adjust for lower light in winter.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate to brighter light gradually; protect from intense midday sun; place near east or west-facing windows indoors.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
bright indirect light, partial shade
Rotate plant weekly for even light; use sheer curtains to filter direct sun; provide supplemental grow lights if needed.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Water deeply but infrequently; ensure soil dries between waterings; avoid waterlogging.
Soil
well-draining, slightly acidic potting mix with orchid bark or perlite
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–6.5)
Ensure pots have drainage holes; avoid heavy garden soil; top-dress with organic matter annually.
Temperature
Prefers 60–80°F (15–27°C); cooler temperatures (50–60°F or 10–15°C) at night can promote blooming; avoid extreme fluctuations.
Avoid placing near drafty windows; maintain consistent room temperature; protect from heat sources.
Fertilizing
every 2–4 weeks during active growth (April–September), none in winter
Fertilize after watering to prevent root burn; switch to a bloom-specific formula before flowering season; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Select a healthy stem.
- Cut a 4–6 inch segment.
- Let it callus for a few days.
- Plant in moist medium.
- Keep humid and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
High humidity (70–80%), warm temperatures (70–75°F or 21–24°C), indirect light
Medium
Well-draining mix of peat, perlite, and sand or cactus mix
Hormone
Optional but recommended for faster rooting
Timeline
Roots in 3–6 weeks; new growth in 2–3 months
Tools Needed
Sharp knife, rooting hormone (optional), pots, well-draining medium
Quick Tips
Use sterile tools to prevent disease; keep cuttings out of direct sun; maintain consistent moisture.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Cut stems just above a node or leaf junction; make clean cuts to avoid tearing
Pruning Plan
Remove dead or damaged stems; shape the plant for better light exposure and airflow; encourage bushier growth.
Tools
Pruning shears, sterilized knife
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune during active growth; remove dead or crossing stems; shape evenly.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Spring, before the active growing season begins
Pot Size
One size larger pot (e.g., from 4-inch to 6-inch)
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if crowded; place in a new pot with fresh soil; water lightly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; use a larger pot to support growth and blooming.
Checklist
Choose appropriate pot size; use fresh soil mix; handle roots carefully; water sparingly after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water thoroughly; ensure drainage; adjust seasonally.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the root zone until water drains from the bottom; ensure even moisture without saturating; water in the morning to allow foliage to dry.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot; increase in summer during active growth.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate organic matter like compost for fertility; use orchid bark for aeration.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Yellowing leaves, bud drop, stunted growth, or leaf burn.
Cold Stress
Slows growth, causes leaf discoloration, and may lead to root damage if temperatures drop below 50°F (10°C).
Solution: Move to a warmer location; insulate pots; avoid cold drafts; use a heating mat if necessary.
Hot Stress
Wilting, leaf scorch, reduced blooming, and increased water demand in excessively high temperatures.
Solution: Provide shade; increase humidity; water more frequently; use shade cloth outdoors.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check fertilizer type; dilute correctly; apply during growing season; avoid winter feeding.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer; reduce or stop in fall and winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Non-toxicEpiphyllum oxypetalum is not considered toxic to cats. There are no known adverse effects or physiological impacts associated with ingestion of this plant by felines.
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Non-toxicEpiphyllum oxypetalum is not considered toxic to dogs. There are no known adverse effects or physiological impacts associated with ingestion of this plant by canines.
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Non-toxicEpiphyllum oxypetalum, commonly known as the Night-Blooming Cereus, is generally considered non-toxic to humans. There are no known toxic effects or physiological impacts associated with ingestion of this plant.
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Why does my Epiphyllum oxypetalum not bloom?
A: Blooming is triggered by specific conditions, including cool temperatures, reduced watering, and long periods of darkness in the fall.
Q: How often should I water my Epiphyllum oxypetalum?
A: Water thoroughly but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings, especially during dormancy.
Q: Can Epiphyllum oxypetalum be grown outdoors?
A: Yes, but it requires protection from frost and direct sunlight, thriving in partial shade or filtered light.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | bright indirect light, partial |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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