Black Seed
nigella sativa
Also known as: ["Kalonji","Black Cumin","Fennel Flower"]
Overview
An annual flowering plant native to Southwest Asia, known for its seeds used in traditional medicine and cooking.
Benefits & Perks
["medicinal use","culinary herb","fragrant flowers","drought tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Ranunculaceae |
| Genus: | Nigella |
| Botanical Name: | Nigella sativa |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Herbs & Weeds
- Suitable Location: garden bed or container in a sunny spot
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"7–10"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, sandy loam with some organic matter.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: low
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: As needed; after flowering or when plant appears overgrown.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid heavy pruning unless necessary.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours/day); tolerates partial shade in hot climates.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense sunlight; protect from harsh afternoon sun in hot regions; ensure good air circulation.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
easyeasy
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains in intense sun; avoid sudden light changes.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Allow soil to dry between waterings; avoid overwatering; water deeply to encourage root growth.
Soil
well-draining, sandy loam
pH: Slightly alkaline to neutral (pH 6.5–7.5).
Avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes; amend with organic matter for nutrients.
Temperature
Prefers warm conditions (65–85°F/18–29°C); thrives in moderate to hot climates.
Avoid drafts; maintain stable temperatures; protect from frost.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during growing season, none in winter
Fertilize only when actively growing; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; use organic options for gentle feeding.
Propagation
Methods
Seed or stem cuttings.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Prepare medium.
- Sow seeds or take cuttings.
- Maintain moisture.
- Provide warmth.
- Transplant once established.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when temperatures are warm and growth is active.
Environment
Warm (70–75°F/21–24°C), high humidity (60–70%), bright indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining seed starting mix or cactus mix with perlite.
Hormone
Not necessary for seeds; optional for stem cuttings to encourage rooting.
Timeline
Seeds germinate in 1–3 weeks; stem cuttings root in 2–4 weeks.
Tools Needed
Seed trays, pruners, rooting hormone (optional), misting bottle, heat mat.
Quick Tips
Keep soil consistently moist; use bottom heat for faster germination; thin seedlings as needed.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Pinch back tips to encourage bushiness; trim selectively to shape.
Pruning Plan
Minimal pruning needed; focus on removing dead or damaged growth to maintain health.
Tools
Clean pruners or scissors.
Checklist
Sanitize tools; prune dead/damaged parts; shape lightly; avoid over-pruning.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Spring, before active growth begins.
Pot Size
One size larger pot; ensure it’s not excessively large.
Method
Use fresh well-draining soil; gently tease out roots; ensure pot has drainage holes.
Suggestions
Repot only when root-bound or soil is depleted; typically every 2–3 years.
Checklist
Prepare new pot; remove plant gently; trim roots if needed; add fresh soil; water lightly.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring even moisture distribution; avoid wetting foliage to prevent fungal diseases; ensure excess water drains away.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure good aeration.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Wilting, yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or flower drop in extreme heat or cold.
Cold Stress
Slows growth, may cause leaf drop or dieback in temperatures below 50°F/10°C.
Solution: Move to a warmer location; provide frost protection; reduce watering in cold.
Hot Stress
Leaves may scorch, wilt, or drop; growth may slow in excessive heat.
Solution: Provide shade during peak sun; increase humidity; water more frequently but avoid waterlogging.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check growth phase; dilute fertilizer; apply to soil; avoid foliage contact.
Fertilizing Method
Use balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring/summer); avoid fertilizing in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicNigella sativa poses a low risk of toxicity to cats when ingested in small amounts. However, large quantities may cause mild gastrointestinal irritation due to the presence of thymoquinone and other active compounds.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in large quantities
Dogs
Slightly ToxicNigella sativa is not highly toxic to dogs but can cause mild gastrointestinal upset if ingested in large amounts. The thymoquinone and other bioactive compounds may lead to digestive disturbances in dogs, similar to those in humans.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in large quantities
Humans
Slightly ToxicNigella sativa, commonly known as black seed or black cumin, is generally considered safe for human consumption in culinary amounts. However, excessive intake can lead to mild toxicity, primarily affecting the gastrointestinal system. The active compounds, such as thymoquinone, can cause adverse effects when consumed in large doses.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in large quantities
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What are the health benefits of Nigella sativa?
A: It is traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-boosting properties.
Q: How should Nigella sativa be grown?
A: It thrives in well-drained soil and full sun, requiring minimal watering once established.
Q: Is Nigella sativa safe for pets?
A: Yes, it is considered non-toxic to dogs and cats.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Ranunculaceae |
| Care: | easy |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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