Karaka

corynocarpus laevigatus

Also known as: ["New Zealand Laurel","Kokopuka"]

Family: Corynocarpaceae Genus: Corynocarpus Category: Trees

Overview

A large evergreen tree native to New Zealand, known for its glossy leaves and edible but toxic berries.

Benefits & Perks

["aesthetic foliage","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","shade tolerant"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Brassicales
Family: Corynocarpaceae
Genus: Corynocarpus
Botanical Name: Corynocarpus laevigatus

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Trees
  • Suitable Location: outdoor garden in a sheltered spot, or as a potted indoor plant in a bright area
  • Suitable For:
    Outdoor Landscapers Wildlife Supporters
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–30°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
  • Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
  • Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
  • Soil Type: Well-draining potting mix with added organic matter; can include cactus mix for better drainage.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: moderate
  • Toughness Level: high
  • Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring; light pruning can be done as needed.
  • Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of growth if necessary.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade, especially in hot climates.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to direct sunlight to avoid scorching; protect from intense afternoon sun; adjust light exposure based on indoor vs. outdoor placement.

Warning Signs: Yellowing leaves, root rot, or stunted growth indicate poor soil conditions or improper watering.

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
moderate

moderate

Sunlight

full sun to partial shade

Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sunlight; monitor for signs of light stress.

Watering

every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter

Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom; allow soil to dry between waterings; avoid overwatering.

Soil

well-draining, loamy soil with some organic matter

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).

Check drainage before planting; avoid heavy clay soils; amend with organic matter for better structure.

Temperature

Prefers 60–75°F (15–24°C); tolerates mild frosts but thrives in moderate temperatures.

Avoid sudden temperature changes; maintain consistent warmth; protect from drafts.

Fertilizing

every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer

Apply fertilizer after watering to prevent root burn; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; adjust frequency based on growth rate.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings or seeds; stem cuttings are more common for home growers.

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Take a 4–6 inch cutting.
  2. Remove lower leaves.
  3. Apply rooting hormone.
  4. Plant in medium.
  5. Maintain humidity.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Environment

High humidity (70–90%), warm temperatures (65–75°F), and indirect light.

Medium

Well-draining potting mix with perlite or sand; can also use water propagation for cuttings.

Hormone

Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.

Timeline

Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establish in new pot after 3–6 months.

Tools Needed

Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, plastic wrap or propagator.

Quick Tips

Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat for faster rooting.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Use clean cuts just above a leaf node or branch junction; avoid leaving stubs.

Pruning Plan

Prune to maintain shape, remove dead/diseased growth, and encourage bushier growth.

Tools

Pruning shears, sterilizing solution, gloves.

Checklist

Sterilize tools; prune during dormancy; remove dead/diseased parts; shape as desired.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Spring, before the active growing season begins.

Pot Size

Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter; ensure good drainage.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if crowded; place in new pot with fresh soil; water lightly.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for growth and health.

Checklist

Choose appropriate pot; prepare new soil; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone; water early in the morning to minimize evaporation; ensure excess water drains away to prevent waterlogging.

Pro Tip: Use a watering can with a narrow spout to direct water precisely to the root zone.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply once the top inch of soil feels dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add perlite or sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure aeration with chunky materials.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Yellowing leaves, leaf drop, or stunted growth indicate temperature stress.

Cold Stress

Low temperatures slow growth and may cause leaf damage or dieback.

Solution: Protect from frost; move indoors in winter; provide a warm, sheltered location.

Hot Stress

Excessive heat can lead to wilting, leaf scorch, or reduced vigor.

Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity; water more frequently but avoid waterlogging.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Check fertilizer type; dilute correctly; apply during growing season; monitor for signs of overfertilization.

Fertilizing Method

Use balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring to summer); avoid fertilizing in winter.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellowing leaves in Corynocarpus laevigatus may indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or pest infestations, affecting photosynthesis and overall plant health.

Wilting in Corynocarpus laevigatus can result from water stress, either due to drought or overwatering, leading to reduced turgor pressure and potential root damage.

Leaf spots on Corynocarpus laevigatus may be caused by fungal or bacterial infections, leading to reduced photosynthetic efficiency and potential leaf drop.

Rotting, particularly root or stem rot, can occur in Corynocarpus laevigatus due to excessive moisture, leading to decay and potential plant death.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Slightly Toxic

Cats may suffer mild gastrointestinal issues if they ingest the seeds or fruit pulp of Corynocarpus laevigatus. The toxicity is not severe but can lead to symptoms of discomfort.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea loss of appetite
🌿 Toxic Parts:
seeds fruit pulp
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Keep cats away from the plant's seeds and fruit. Seek veterinary advice if ingestion occurs.
Dogs
Slightly Toxic

Dogs may experience mild gastrointestinal upset if they consume the seeds or fruit pulp of Corynocarpus laevigatus. The toxicity is generally not life-threatening but can cause discomfort.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea lethargy
🌿 Toxic Parts:
seeds fruit pulp
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Prevent dogs from accessing the plant's seeds and fruit. Contact a veterinarian if ingestion is suspected.
Humans
Slightly Toxic

Corynocarpus laevigatus contains toxic compounds, primarily in its seeds and fruit pulp, which can cause mild gastrointestinal distress and other symptoms upon ingestion. The plant's toxicity is not severe but can lead to discomfort.

⚠️ Symptoms:
nausea vomiting diarrhea abdominal pain
🌿 Toxic Parts:
seeds fruit pulp
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Avoid ingestion of seeds and fruit pulp. Keep away from children and pets.
Important: Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets. If ingestion occurs, contact poison control or veterinary services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Are Karaka berries edible?

A: Yes, but they are toxic when raw and must be properly prepared to remove toxins.

Q: How tall does the Karaka tree grow?

A: It can grow up to 15–20 meters tall in ideal conditions.

Q: Does the Karaka tree require full sun?

A: It prefers partial shade to full sun and is adaptable to various light conditions.

Quick Reference
Family: Corynocarpaceae
Care: moderate
Light: full sun to partial shade
Water: every 7–10 days during activ
Suitable For: ["outdoor landscapers","wildlife supporters (attracts bees, butterflies, birds)"]
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