Yellow Wood, Beach Plum, Hog Plum

ximenia americana

Also known as: ["Yellow Wood","Beach Plum","Hog Plum","Kareeboom","Manzanilla"]

Family: Olacaceae Genus: Ximenia Category: Trees

Overview

A small, deciduous tree or shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions, known for its edible but tart fruits and hard, yellow wood.

Benefits & Perks

["edible fruits","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Santalales
Family: Olacaceae
Genus: Ximenia
Botanical Name: Ximenia americana

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Trees
  • Suitable Location: outdoor garden in warm, sunny area
  • Suitable For:
    Outdoor Landscapers Edible Gardeners Wildlife Supporters
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"15–35°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
  • Misting: rarely required
  • Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent root rot.
  • Soil Type: Well-draining, sandy loam with organic matter; tolerates poor soils.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: moderate
  • Toughness Level: moderate
  • Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth starts.
  • Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of old growth to rejuvenate.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours/day); tolerates partial shade but may produce fewer fruits.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually if moving from shade to sun; protect from intense midday sun in hot climates; ensure bright light indoors.

Warning Signs: Yellowing leaves (overwatering), stunted growth (poor soil), or root rot (poor drainage).

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
moderate

moderate

Sunlight

full sun

Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter harsh sun; place near south-facing window indoors.

Watering

every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter

Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure good drainage; adjust based on season and growth stage.

Soil

well-drained, sandy loam

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).

Use cactus mix as base; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.

Temperature

Thrives in warm conditions (65–85°F/18–29°C); tolerates mild frosts but prefers stable warmth.

Avoid sudden temperature shifts; protect from drafts; maintain stable warmth for best growth.

Fertilizing

every 2 months during growing season

Fertilize only during growing season; avoid over-fertilizing to prevent salt buildup; flush soil occasionally to remove excess salts.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings or seeds; stem cuttings are faster and more reliable.

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Take 4–6 inch cuttings.
  2. Remove lower leaves.
  3. Dip in rooting hormone.
  4. Plant in medium.
  5. Keep moist and warm.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when plant is actively growing.

Environment

Warm (70–75°F/21–24°C), high humidity (70–80%), bright indirect light.

Medium

Well-draining mix of perlite and peat moss or cactus mix.

Hormone

Rooting hormone recommended for faster root development.

Timeline

Roots in 4–6 weeks; establish in new pot after 2–3 months.

Tools Needed

Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining medium.

Quick Tips

Use healthy, non-flowering stems; keep consistently moist but not waterlogged; provide bottom heat if possible.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Selective thinning of branches; heading back to encourage bushiness.

Pruning Plan

Shape plant, remove dead/diseased growth, encourage bushier form and better fruiting.

Tools

Pruning shears, loppers (for larger branches), sterilizing solution.

Checklist

Sterilize tools; prune dead/diseased wood first; shape evenly; clean up debris afterward.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Early spring before active growth begins.

Pot Size

Move to a pot 1–2 inches larger in diameter; avoid oversized pots.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if needed; use fresh well-draining soil; ensure drainage holes are clear.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for fruiting and growth.

Checklist

Choose right-sized pot; prepare fresh soil mix; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust seasonally.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water directly at the root zone until water drains from the bottom; avoid wetting foliage; water in the morning for optimal absorption.

Pro Tip: Use a watering can with a narrow spout to target the root zone precisely.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply once the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure good aeration.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Leaf drop, stunted growth, or browning leaf edges in extreme heat or cold.

Cold Stress

Slows growth, may cause leaf drop or dieback; vulnerable to frost damage below 28°F (-2°C).

Solution: Protect with frost cloth in cold snaps; move indoors in freezing conditions; ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal issues.

Hot Stress

Wilting, leaf scorch, or reduced fruiting in prolonged high heat; may drop leaves to conserve water.

Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase watering; mist foliage in extreme heat; ensure good airflow.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Use balanced fertilizer; dilute properly; apply during growing season; avoid winter feeding.

Fertilizing Method

Use balanced, slow-release fertilizer in spring/summer; dilute liquid fertilizer to half-strength monthly during active growth; avoid winter feeding.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellow leaves in Ximenia americana may indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or pest infestations such as mealybugs or scale insects, which disrupt nutrient uptake.

Wilting in Ximenia americana can result from water stress, either due to drought or overwatering, which affects the plant's ability to maintain turgor pressure in its tissues.

Leaf spots on Ximenia americana may be caused by fungal or bacterial pathogens, leading to reduced photosynthetic efficiency and potential defoliation if left untreated.

Rotting, particularly root rot, in Ximenia americana is often caused by excessive moisture and poor drainage, leading to decay of root systems and eventual plant decline.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Slightly Toxic

Cats are susceptible to mild gastrointestinal upset if they ingest the fruits or seeds of Ximenia americana. The toxic effects are generally mild but can cause discomfort.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea lethargy drooling
🌿 Toxic Parts:
fruits seeds
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Prevent cats from accessing the plant. If ingestion is suspected, seek veterinary advice promptly to address any potential gastrointestinal issues.
Dogs
Slightly Toxic

Dogs may experience mild gastrointestinal upset if they consume the fruits or seeds of Ximenia americana. The toxic compounds can cause irritation to the digestive system, though severe poisoning is rare.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea lethargy loss of appetite
🌿 Toxic Parts:
fruits seeds
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Keep pets away from the plant, especially the fruits and seeds. If ingestion occurs, monitor the dog for symptoms and consult a veterinarian if necessary.
Humans
Slightly Toxic

The fruits and seeds of Ximenia americana contain compounds that can cause mild gastrointestinal distress and allergic reactions in some individuals. The physiological impact is generally limited to mild irritation of the digestive tract.

⚠️ Symptoms:
nausea vomiting diarrhea abdominal pain skin irritation
🌿 Toxic Parts:
fruits seeds
⚡ Toxic If:

if eaten

Consume only ripe fruits in moderation. Avoid ingestion of seeds and unripe fruits. Individuals with known allergies should exercise caution.
Important: Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets. If ingestion occurs, contact poison control or veterinary services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is the fruit of Ximenia americana edible?

A: Yes, the fruits are edible but have a tart flavor and are often used in jams or preserves.

Q: How much sunlight does Ximenia americana require?

A: It thrives in full sun to partial shade, making it adaptable to various light conditions.

Q: Is Ximenia americana suitable for coastal gardens?

A: Yes, it is salt-tolerant and well-suited for coastal environments.

Quick Reference
Family: Olacaceae
Care: moderate
Light: full sun
Water: every 7–10 days during activ
Suitable For: ["outdoor landscapers","edible gardeners","wildlife supporters (attracts bees, butterflies, birds)"]
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