Breadfruit
artocarpus altilis
Also known as: ["Ulu","Breadnut"]
Overview
A tropical tree species native to the Malay Peninsula, known for its large, starchy fruit that is a staple food in many Pacific islands.
Benefits & Perks
["edible fruits","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","drought tolerant"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Moraceae |
| Genus: | Artocarpus |
| Botanical Name: | Artocarpus altilis |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Fruits
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden in tropical or subtropical regions, protected from strong winds
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"20–35°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"10–12"}
- Misting: rarely required unless in very dry indoor conditions
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, fertile soil mix with organic matter; cactus or tropical plant mix works well.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually or biannually, typically after fruiting or in late winter/early spring.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of old growth to stimulate new fruiting branches.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily; tolerates partial shade but may reduce fruiting.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to intense sunlight; protect from direct midday sun to avoid scorching; adjust placement based on indoor/outdoor conditions.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sun; avoid sudden light changes.
Watering
every 7–10 days, allowing soil to dry slightly between waterings
Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom; allow soil to dry between waterings; avoid overwatering.
Soil
rich, well-draining loamy soil with organic matter
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0).
Use a mix of peat, perlite, and compost; avoid heavy clay soils; ensure pots have drainage holes.
Temperature
Prefers warm temperatures (65–85°F / 18–29°C); thrives in tropical conditions; sensitive to frost.
Avoid drafts; maintain stable temperatures; protect from sudden temperature swings.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during growing season with balanced liquid fertilizer
Fertilize after watering to prevent root burn; avoid over-fertilizing; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or air layering; seeds are less common due to genetic variability.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Select a healthy stem.
- Cut just below a node.
- Apply rooting hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Maintain humidity.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
High humidity (70–90%), warm temperatures (75–85°F / 24–29°C), and indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining mix of peat, perlite, and sand; can also use sphagnum moss for air layering.
Hormone
Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.
Timeline
Roots may develop in 4–8 weeks; establishment can take several months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, plastic bag or propagator, misting spray bottle.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-woody stems; maintain consistent moisture; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Selective thinning of crowded branches; heading back to encourage bushier growth; removal of dead or crossing branches.
Pruning Plan
Prune to maintain shape, encourage fruiting, and remove dead/diseased growth; focus on structural branches.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers, saw (for larger branches), disinfectant.
Checklist
Disinfect tools; prune during dormancy; remove dead/diseased wood; shape evenly.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before the growing season begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter; ensure good drainage holes.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; place in a slightly larger pot with fresh soil; water thoroughly.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for young plants to encourage growth.
Checklist
Choose appropriate pot; prepare new soil mix; handle roots carefully; water after repotting.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water directly at the root zone, ensuring even saturation; water early in the morning to minimize evaporation; ensure excess water drains away to prevent waterlogging.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top inch of soil feels dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure aeration with organic matter.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Yellowing leaves, leaf drop, stunted growth, or bud drop in cold; wilting or leaf scorch in excessive heat.
Cold Stress
Low temperatures slow growth, cause leaf discoloration, and may lead to frost damage or death.
Solution: Protect from frost with frost cloth; move indoors in cold weather; ensure warm, humid microclimate.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat can cause leaf scorch, wilting, and reduced fruit production.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity with misting; ensure adequate water supply.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check fertilizer type; dilute correctly; apply during active growth; monitor for signs of over-fertilization.
Fertilizing Method
Use balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring/summer); reduce or stop in fall/winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicSimilar to dogs, cats may experience mild toxicity if they ingest the sap or unripe fruit of Artocarpus altilis. The latex content can irritate the gastrointestinal tract, leading to discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if sap or unripe fruit is ingested
Dogs
Slightly ToxicWhile the ripe fruit of Artocarpus altilis is generally safe for dogs in moderation, the sap and unripe fruit can cause mild gastrointestinal upset due to their latex content and high levels of certain compounds.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if sap or unripe fruit is ingested
Humans
Non-toxicArtocarpus altilis, commonly known as breadfruit, is generally considered non-toxic to humans. The fruit is a staple food in many tropical regions and is safe for consumption when properly prepared. However, the sap of the plant can cause skin irritation in some individuals due to its latex content.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
Generally non-toxic, but skin irritation may occur if sap comes into contact with sensitive skin.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is breadfruit edible?
A: Yes, breadfruit is edible and is a staple food in many tropical regions.
Q: How do you care for a breadfruit tree?
A: Breadfruit trees thrive in full sun, require regular watering, and benefit from well-drained soil.
Q: Does breadfruit attract wildlife?
A: Yes, breadfruit trees attract bees, butterflies, and birds due to their flowers and fruit.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Moraceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days, allowing so |
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