Indian Chrysanthemum
chrysanthemum indicum
Also known as: ["Common Chrysanthemum","Indian Daisy"]
Overview
A flowering plant in the daisy family known for its ornamental value and traditional medicinal uses.
Benefits & Perks
["long-flowering","fragrant flowers","aesthetic foliage","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Chrysanthemum |
| Botanical Name: | Chrysanthemum indicum |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Flowers
- Suitable Location: garden bed or container in a location with good air circulation
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: moderate
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"5–9"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging and root rot.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter; can use a mix of potting soil, perlite, and compost.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Pinch back stems in spring and early summer (every 3–4 weeks until midsummer); deadhead flowers as they fade.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; pinch back stems by half their length in spring/summer; remove spent flowers regularly.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun (6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily); partial shade in extreme heat to prevent scorching.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate plants gradually to full sun if moved from shade; protect from intense midday sun in hot climates; provide dappled shade during peak summer heat.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderateModerate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plants weekly for even growth; use sheer curtains to filter intense light indoors; avoid placing in drafty areas near windows.
Watering
every 5–7 days, allowing soil to dry slightly between waterings
Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom; allow soil to dry slightly between waterings; avoid wetting foliage to prevent fungal diseases.
Soil
well-draining, loamy soil with added organic matter
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Use raised beds for better drainage; avoid heavy clay soils; mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Temperature
60–75°F (15–24°C) for optimal growth; tolerates cooler temperatures but not frost; prefers moderate humidity.
Avoid sudden temperature fluctuations; protect from cold drafts; ensure good air circulation in hot weather.
Fertilizing
every 2 weeks during active growth (spring and summer), monthly in fall
Dilute fertilizer to half strength to avoid burning roots; fertilize after watering to prevent salt buildup; avoid fertilizing stressed or newly planted chrysanthemums.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings; division of clumps; seeds (less common for specific varieties).
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take 4–6 inch stem cuttings just below a leaf node.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in moist medium.
- Keep humid and warm.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm (70–75°F), humid environment with indirect light; protect from direct sun and drafts.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix (e.g., peat moss, perlite, and sand); can also use water for stem cuttings.
Hormone
Recommended to use rooting hormone powder for faster and more reliable rooting.
Timeline
Roots develop in 2–4 weeks; new growth appears in 4–6 weeks; mature plant in 3–4 months.
Tools Needed
Sharp pruners, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining medium, plastic bags or propagator for humidity.
Quick Tips
Take cuttings in the morning for better results; keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Pinch stems between thumb and forefinger; use clean, sharp pruners for larger cuts; deadhead by cutting just above a leaf node.
Pruning Plan
Shape the plant, encourage bushier growth, and promote more blooms; remove spent flowers to prolong blooming.
Tools
Pruning shears, sharp scissors, gloves, disinfectant for tools.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune in early morning; remove dead or diseased growth; shape the plant evenly.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before new growth begins; avoid repotting during flowering or extreme weather.
Pot Size
Choose a pot 1–2 inches larger in diameter than the current one; ensure good drainage holes.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim any circling roots; place in a new pot with fresh, well-draining soil; water thoroughly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 1–2 years or when roots fill the pot; necessary to refresh soil and provide space for growth.
Checklist
Select appropriate pot size; prepare fresh soil mix; water plant before repotting; prune roots if necessary.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture daily; water deeply; ensure proper drainage; avoid overhead watering.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, focusing on the root zone; water early in the morning to minimize evaporation and fungal growth; ensure water penetrates deeply to encourage deep root growth.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top inch of soil feels dry; increase frequency in hot, dry weather; reduce in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; ensure soil is loose and airy.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Wilting, yellowing leaves, or stunted growth in cold; leaf scorch, bud drop, or wilting in excessive heat.
Cold Stress
Slows growth, causes leaf discoloration, and may lead to frost damage or death in severe cases.
Solution: Move plants indoors or to a protected location before frost; use frost cloth or mulch to insulate roots; avoid overwatering in cold conditions.
Hot Stress
Causes wilting, leaf scorch, and reduced flowering; may lead to dehydration and heat stress.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase watering frequency; use mulch to retain soil moisture; mist foliage in the morning.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use balanced fertilizer; dilute properly; fertilize during active growth; avoid winter fertilization.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced liquid fertilizer (10-10-10) every 2–4 weeks during the growing season (spring to early fall); reduce or stop in winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats are more sensitive to pyrethrin compounds found in Chrysanthemum indicum. Ingestion can cause mild to moderate gastrointestinal upset and allergic reactions, though severe toxicity is rare.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested
Dogs
Slightly ToxicIngestion of Chrysanthemum indicum by dogs can lead to mild gastrointestinal upset due to the presence of pyrethrin compounds. While generally not life-threatening, the plant can cause discomfort and allergic reactions in some dogs.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested
Humans
Slightly ToxicChrysanthemum indicum contains pyrethrin compounds that can cause mild irritation and allergic reactions upon contact or ingestion. The plant's sap may lead to dermatitis in sensitive individuals, while ingestion can result in gastrointestinal discomfort.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if ingested or touched
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Chrysanthemum indicum toxic to pets?
A: It is mildly toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.
Q: How often should I water Chrysanthemum indicum?
A: Water when the top inch of soil is dry, avoiding overwatering to prevent root rot.
Q: Does Chrysanthemum indicum attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it attracts bees, butterflies, and birds due to its nectar-rich flowers.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 5–7 days, allowing soi |
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