Mountain Maple
acer spicatum
Also known as: ["Mountain Maple","Oval-Leaved Maple"]
Overview
A deciduous shrub or small tree native to northeastern North America, known for its distinctive lobed leaves and small, greenish-yellow flowers.
Benefits & Perks
["shade tolerant","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Sapindaceae |
| Genus: | Acer |
| Botanical Name: | Acer spicatum |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Trees
- Suitable Location: woodland garden or shaded understory
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"−40–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"3–6"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Moderately well-draining to well-draining.
- Soil Type: Rich, moist, well-draining, acidic to neutral soil; prefers loamy or sandy loam.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth.
- Pruning Intensity: Light to moderate; avoid heavy pruning unless necessary.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Partial shade to full shade; tolerates dappled sunlight in cooler climates; avoid direct afternoon sun.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to brighter light if moving from shade; protect from harsh midday sun; ideal for understory planting.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
partial shade to full shade
Avoid direct sun; prefers shade; adjust based on climate.
Watering
every 7–10 days during growing season, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure good drainage; avoid waterlogging.
Soil
moist, well-drained, acidic to neutral loam
pH: Acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0).
Ensure good drainage; maintain acidity; enrich with organic matter.
Temperature
Cool to moderate temperatures; prefers 50–70°F (10–21°C); thrives in cooler climates.
Protect from extreme heat; mulch for cold protection; adjust watering with temperature.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer
Fertilize sparingly; apply in spring; avoid late-season feeding.
Propagation
Methods
Softwood cuttings in early summer or seed propagation in autumn.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take cuttings.
- Apply hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Maintain humidity.
- Wait for roots.
Best Time: Early summer for cuttings; autumn for seeds.
Environment
High humidity, indirect light, and consistent warmth (65–75°F or 18–24°C).
Medium
Peat-based mix with perlite or sand for cuttings; well-drained seed starting mix for seeds.
Hormone
Rooting hormone recommended for cuttings.
Timeline
Cuttings root in 4–8 weeks; seeds germinate in 1–3 months with stratification.
Tools Needed
Pruners, rooting hormone, pots, humidity dome, misting spray.
Quick Tips
Use healthy parent material; maintain humidity; avoid direct sun during rooting.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Thinning cuts to open the canopy; selective removal of weak or crossing branches.
Pruning Plan
Remove dead or damaged wood; shape lightly to maintain form; encourage air circulation.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers, sterilized blades.
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune dead/damaged wood; shape lightly; clean up debris.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before active growth begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter.
Method
Use fresh, well-draining soil; gently tease out circling roots; ensure proper drainage.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the container; beneficial for container-grown plants.
Checklist
Prepare new pot; remove plant gently; trim roots if needed; repot with fresh soil; water lightly.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone without wetting foliage; allow excess water to drain away.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top inch of soil is dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.
Soil Improvement
Add organic matter like compost; incorporate perlite or sand for drainage; mulch to retain moisture.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Leaf scorch in excessive heat; leaf drop or browning in extreme cold.
Cold Stress
Leaves may curl or turn brown; growth slows; potential dieback in severe cold.
Solution: Mulch heavily around the base; protect from harsh winds; avoid overwatering in cold.
Hot Stress
Wilting, leaf scorch, or premature leaf drop; reduced vigor in high heat.
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity; water deeply but infrequently.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check soil nutrients; apply fertilizer; water after application; monitor plant response.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring; avoid over-fertilizing; reduce or stop in late summer.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Slightly ToxicCats may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort if they consume the seeds of Acer spicatum. The saponins can cause irritation, though severe reactions are rare.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Slightly ToxicThe seeds of Acer spicatum may cause mild gastrointestinal upset in dogs if ingested in significant amounts. The saponins present can lead to irritation of the stomach and intestines.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Slightly ToxicThe seeds of Acer spicatum contain small amounts of saponins, which can cause mild gastrointestinal distress if ingested in large quantities. The physiological impact is generally limited to irritation of the digestive tract.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Does Mountain Maple produce edible fruits?
A: No, the fruits are not typically consumed by humans.
Q: Is Mountain Maple suitable for small gardens?
A: Yes, it can be pruned to maintain a shrub-like form.
Q: Does Mountain Maple attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it provides nectar for bees and butterflies and seeds for birds.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Sapindaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | partial shade to full shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during growi |
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