Autumn Lady's-tresses
spiranthes spiralis
Also known as: ["Autumn Orchid","Spiral Orchid"]
Overview
A terrestrial orchid species known for its delicate, spiral-like white flowers blooming in autumn.
Benefits & Perks
["fragrant flowers","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","rare/collector’s item"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Liliopsida |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Genus: | Spiranthes |
| Botanical Name: | Spiranthes spiralis |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Flowers
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden bed in a location with good air circulation
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"5–25°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"6–9"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, sandy loam with organic matter; can tolerate slightly lean soils.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: As needed, typically after flowering or when dead foliage is present.
- Pruning Intensity: Light pruning; remove only dead or yellowing leaves and spent flower stalks.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light or partial shade; 4–6 hours of morning sun or dappled light is ideal; adjust for seasonal light intensity.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to direct sun to prevent scorching; provide shade during intense midday sun; adjust indoor placement to mimic natural light conditions.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
partial shade to full sun
Avoid harsh afternoon sun; rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense light.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in dormancy
Water deeply but infrequently; avoid waterlogged soil; prioritize root zone moisture.
Soil
well-draining, sandy loam with some organic matter
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
Ensure excellent drainage; avoid heavy clay soils; maintain consistent moisture without saturation.
Temperature
Cool to moderate temperatures (50–70°F or 10–21°C); prefers cooler conditions during dormancy and warmer temperatures during active growth.
Monitor temperature fluctuations; protect from frost; adjust watering based on temperature.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during active growth, none in dormancy
Dilute fertilizer to prevent root burn; fertilize only during active growth; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
Propagation
Methods
Division of rhizomes or seed propagation (challenging); division is the most reliable method for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Carefully divide rhizomes, ensuring each section has roots and growth points.
- Replant at the same depth.
- Water lightly until established.
Best Time: Early spring, just as the plant emerges from dormancy and begins active growth.
Environment
Warm, humid conditions with indirect light; maintain consistent moisture but ensure good drainage.
Medium
Well-draining potting mix with added perlite or sand; can also be propagated in situ in the garden.
Hormone
Not typically required for rhizome division; may aid seed germination but is not essential.
Timeline
Rhizome division can be done immediately; new growth may appear within weeks; seed propagation can take months to years.
Tools Needed
Clean knife or shears, gloves, well-draining soil mix.
Quick Tips
Divide only when necessary; ensure each division has viable roots; avoid disturbing the plant unnecessarily.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Snip dead foliage at the base; cut flower stalks back to the ground after blooming.
Pruning Plan
Minimal pruning required; focus on removing dead or damaged foliage to maintain plant health and aesthetics.
Tools
Clean, sharp scissors or pruners.
Checklist
Sanitize tools; prune dead or damaged parts; avoid over-pruning; dispose of clippings properly.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring, just before active growth begins.
Pot Size
Use a pot one size larger than the current one, ensuring it has drainage holes.
Method
Gently lift the plant; remove old soil; divide if necessary; replant in fresh, well-draining soil at the same depth.
Suggestions
Repot only when the plant becomes overcrowded or the soil is depleted; typically every 2–3 years.
Checklist
Choose appropriate pot size; use fresh soil mix; ensure good drainage; handle roots gently.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture before watering; water deeply; ensure drainage; avoid overhead watering.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone without wetting foliage; allow excess water to drain freely; water early in the day to minimize evaporation.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water sparingly during dormancy (autumn/winter), increasing frequency in spring as growth resumes; allow soil to dry between waterings.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand to improve drainage; incorporate compost for organic matter; ensure soil is not compacted.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Wilting, yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or premature dormancy in response to extreme temperatures.
Cold Stress
Prolonged cold can cause root damage or delay emergence from dormancy; may exhibit signs of chilling injury below 40°F (4°C).
Solution: Protect from frost; provide a sheltered location; use mulch to insulate roots; avoid overwatering in cold conditions.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat can lead to dehydration, leaf scorch, or premature flowering; may struggle in temperatures above 80°F (27°C).
Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity; water more frequently but avoid waterlogging; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Use diluted fertilizer; fertilize during growing season; avoid dormant period; flush soil periodically.
Fertilizing Method
Use a balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer (quarter strength) every 4–6 weeks during active growth (spring/summer); avoid fertilizing during dormancy.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Non-toxicSpiranthes spiralis is not toxic to cats. There are no known adverse effects or physiological impacts on felines when ingested.
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
Non-toxicSpiranthes spiralis is not toxic to dogs. There are no known adverse effects or physiological impacts on canines when ingested.
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
Non-toxicSpiranthes spiralis, commonly known as autumn lady's-tresses, is not considered toxic to humans. There are no known toxic effects or physiological impacts associated with this plant.
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: When does Spiranthes spiralis bloom?
A: It typically blooms in late summer to autumn.
Q: Is Spiranthes spiralis suitable for beginners?
A: It is best suited for intermediate to advanced gardeners due to its specific growing requirements.
Q: Does Spiranthes spiralis attract pollinators?
A: Yes, it attracts bees and butterflies with its fragrant flowers.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | partial shade to full sun |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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