Siberian Hogweed

heracleum sibiricum

Also known as: ["Siberian Cow Parsnip","Siberian Giant"]

Family: Apiaceae Genus: Heracleum Category: Herbs & Weeds

Overview

A large, biennial herbaceous plant native to Siberia and parts of Asia, known for its tall stature and large, divided leaves.

Benefits & Perks

["wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","fast growing"]

Botanical Classification

Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Heracleum
Botanical Name: Heracleum sibiricum

Plant Characteristics

Basic Information
  • Category: Herbs & Weeds
  • Suitable Location: garden bed in open areas with good air circulation
  • Suitable For:
    Collectors & Enthusiasts Outdoor Landscapers Wildlife Supporters
  • Is Weed: No
  • Allergenicity: high
Environmental Needs
  • Climate: {"temperatureRange":"−40–30°C"}
  • Hardiness: {"zones":"3–7"}
  • Misting: rarely required, only if ambient humidity is very low
  • Drainage: Moderately well-draining; avoid waterlogged conditions.
  • Soil Type: Rich, well-draining soil with organic matter; can tolerate average garden soil.
Maintenance Level
  • Maintenance Level: moderate
  • Toughness Level: moderate
  • Pruning Frequency: As needed, typically every 2–3 months or after flowering.
  • Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of the plant if overgrown.
Care Details

Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct sunlight per day, with some afternoon shade in hot climates.

Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate plants gradually to intense sunlight; protect from harsh afternoon sun to prevent scorching; adjust placement based on indoor/outdoor conditions.

Warning Signs: Yellowing leaves, root rot, or stunted growth indicate poor soil conditions or improper watering.

Care Requirements

Care Difficulty
moderate

moderate

Sunlight

full sun to partial shade

Rotate plant for even light exposure; use sheer curtains to filter intense sunlight; monitor for signs of sunburn.

Watering

every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter

Water thoroughly but infrequently; ensure soil dries between waterings; avoid overwatering.

Soil

well-drained, fertile loam

pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).

Ensure pots have drainage holes; avoid compacted soil; amend with organic matter for better texture.

Temperature

Prefers cool to moderate temperatures, ideally 60–75°F (15–24°C); tolerates cooler conditions but avoids extreme heat.

Monitor temperature fluctuations; protect from drafts; adjust watering based on heat levels.

Fertilizing

every 4–6 weeks during growing season, none in winter

Apply fertilizer after watering to prevent root burn; flush soil occasionally to prevent salt buildup; adjust frequency based on growth rate.

Propagation

Methods

Stem cuttings or seed; stem cuttings are more reliable for home growers.

Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
  1. Take a 4–6 inch cutting.
  2. Remove lower leaves.
  3. Apply rooting hormone.
  4. Plant in medium.
  5. Keep moist and warm.

Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Environment

Warm, humid environment with indirect light; maintain consistent moisture.

Medium

Well-draining potting mix with perlite or sand; can also root in water initially.

Hormone

Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.

Timeline

Roots may develop in 2–4 weeks; new growth typically appears within 6–8 weeks.

Tools Needed

Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, well-draining medium.

Quick Tips

Use healthy, non-flowering stems; keep cuttings out of direct sun; maintain humidity with a plastic cover.

Pruning & Repotting

Pruning Guide
Method

Pinch back tips for bushier growth; cut stems just above a leaf node or bud.

Pruning Plan

Prune to maintain shape, encourage bushier growth, and remove dead or diseased parts.

Tools

Pruning shears, sharp knife, gloves.

Checklist

Sterilize tools; prune during active growth; remove dead/diseased parts; shape as desired.

Repotting Guide
Best Season

Spring, before the active growing season begins.

Pot Size

Choose a pot one size larger (1–2 inches wider in diameter) than the current one.

Method

Remove plant gently; trim roots if necessary; place in a new pot with fresh soil; water lightly.

Suggestions

Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot; beneficial for root health and growth.

Checklist

Check root bound status; prepare new pot with drainage; use fresh soil mix; water after repotting.

Advanced Care Tips

Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist

Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.

How to Apply Water Properly

Water at the base of the plant, ensuring moisture reaches the root zone; allow excess water to drain away; water in the morning to reduce evaporation.

Pro Tip: Use a watering can with a narrow spout to direct water to the roots without wetting foliage.
Watering Schedule Tips

Water deeply once the top inch of soil feels dry; reduce frequency in winter to prevent root rot.

Soil Improvement

Add compost or well-rotted manure for fertility; mix in perlite or sand for drainage.

Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues

Wilting, yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or leaf drop in response to extreme temperatures.

Cold Stress

Slows growth, may cause leaf discoloration, and can lead to frost damage in freezing conditions.

Solution: Provide frost protection in cold climates; move potted plants indoors during freezes; avoid sudden temperature drops.

Hot Stress

Leaves may wilt, scorch, or drop; growth may slow due to excessive heat.

Solution: Provide shade during peak heat; increase humidity; water more frequently but avoid waterlogging.

Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist

Check growth phase; dilute fertilizer; apply to moist soil; avoid contact with foliage.

Fertilizing Method

Use a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every 4–6 weeks during the growing season (spring to early fall); avoid fertilizing in winter.

Common Problems & Solutions

Yellowing of leaves in Heracleum sibiricum can indicate nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, or pest infestations, leading to reduced photosynthetic efficiency and overall plant vigor.

Wilting in Heracleum sibiricum is often a sign of water stress, either due to drought or root damage, which can impair nutrient uptake and potentially lead to plant death if not addressed.

Leaf spots on Heracleum sibiricum are commonly caused by fungal or bacterial pathogens, resulting in reduced photosynthetic area and potential defoliation if the infection spreads.

Rotting, particularly root or stem rot, in Heracleum sibiricum is typically caused by fungal pathogens or excessive moisture, leading to decay of plant tissues and potential systemic infection.

Toxicity Warning

Cats
Toxic

Cats are susceptible to toxicity from Heracleum sibiricum if ingested, leading to gastrointestinal and potential systemic effects due to furanocoumarins.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea lethargy depression
🌿 Toxic Parts:
leaves stems roots
⚡ Toxic If:

if ingested

Keep cats away from the plant. If ingestion is suspected, contact a veterinarian immediately.
Dogs
Toxic

Ingestion of Heracleum sibiricum by dogs can cause gastrointestinal upset and potential systemic toxicity due to furanocoumarins.

⚠️ Symptoms:
vomiting diarrhea lethargy loss of appetite
🌿 Toxic Parts:
leaves stems roots
⚡ Toxic If:

if ingested

Keep pets away from the plant. If ingestion is suspected, contact a veterinarian immediately.
Humans
Toxic

Heracleum sibiricum contains furanocoumarins, which can cause severe photodermatitis upon contact with skin followed by exposure to ultraviolet light. Ingestion can lead to gastrointestinal distress and potential systemic toxicity.

⚠️ Symptoms:
severe skin burns blisters itching photodermatitis nausea vomiting diarrhea
🌿 Toxic Parts:
leaves stems roots
⚡ Toxic If:

if touched or ingested

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wear protective clothing when handling. If contact occurs, wash immediately with soap and water and avoid sun exposure. Seek medical attention if ingested.
Important: Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets. If ingestion occurs, contact poison control or veterinary services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is Heracleum sibiricum safe to grow in a garden with children or pets?

A: No, due to its highly toxic sap, which can cause severe skin burns and blistering upon contact with sunlight.

Q: How tall does Heracleum sibiricum grow?

A: It can grow up to 2 meters (6.5 feet) tall in optimal conditions.

Q: Does this plant require special care?

A: It prefers full sun and moist, well-drained soil, but can tolerate some shade and occasional drought.

Quick Reference
Family: Apiaceae
Care: moderate
Light: full sun to partial shade
Water: every 7–10 days during activ
Suitable For: ["collectors/enthusiasts","outdoor landscapers","wildlife supporters (attracts bees, butterflies, birds)"]
Get Expert Care Tips

Download the Plantious app for personalized care reminders and plant identification!

Google Play App Store
Share This Plant

Related Plants

Sicilian Kundmannia
View
Hairy Chervil
View
Fool's Cress
View
Pyrenean Hogweed
View