Kaffir lime
citrus hystrix
Also known as: ["Kaffir lime","Maža citrina","Korokio"]
Overview
A small, thorny citrus tree native to Southeast Asia, valued for its aromatic leaves and rind used in cooking.
Benefits & Perks
["fragrant flowers","culinary herb","aesthetic foliage","edible fruits"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | Citrus |
| Botanical Name: | Citrus hystrix |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Herbs & Weeds
- Suitable Location: indoor pot in bright, airy location or outdoor garden in frost-free areas
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: low
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"10–35°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"9–11"}
- Misting: every 2–3 days in dry climates, less often in humid environments
- Drainage: Fast-draining to prevent waterlogging.
- Soil Type: Well-draining, slightly acidic soil mix with organic matter (e.g., peat, compost) and perlite or sand.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring before new growth starts.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate. Remove up to one-third of old growth if needed, but avoid heavy pruning on young plants.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Bright indirect light for 6–8 hours daily. Can tolerate full sun if acclimated, but prefers filtered light to prevent leaf burn.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Gradually acclimate to direct sun over 1–2 weeks; protect from intense midday sun; indoors, place near a south-facing window with sheer curtains.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant weekly for even growth; use sheer curtains in summer; avoid north-facing windows.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, reduce in winter
Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom, avoid letting roots sit in water, and adjust frequency based on season and growth stage.
Soil
well-draining, slightly acidic potting mix
pH: 5.5–6.5 (slightly acidic).
Ensure pots have drainage holes; avoid heavy clay soils; top-dress with compost annually.
Temperature
Prefers 65–85°F (18–29°C). Tolerates brief dips to 50°F (10°C) but thrives in warm, stable conditions. Avoid frost.
Avoid drafty areas; maintain stable temps; protect from sudden drops; increase humidity in dry heat.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during growing season with balanced fertilizer
Dilute fertilizer to half-strength to avoid burn; apply to moist soil; avoid fertilizing newly transplanted or stressed plants.
Propagation
Methods
Stem cuttings or air layering. Stem cuttings are more common for home growers.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take a 4–6 inch cutting with at least 2 nodes.
- Remove lower leaves.
- Dip in rooting hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Keep moist and humid.
Best Time: Spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
Environment
Warm (70–80°F), high humidity (70–80%), and bright indirect light.
Medium
Well-draining mix of peat, perlite, and sand or cactus mix.
Hormone
Rooting hormone is recommended to improve success rates.
Timeline
Roots may appear in 4–8 weeks; new growth in 2–3 months.
Tools Needed
Pruning shears, rooting hormone, small pots, plastic wrap or propagator, misting bottle.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; maintain humidity with plastic wrap; avoid direct sun during rooting.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Selective thinning of branches, heading back to encourage branching, and removal of crossing/rubbing stems.
Pruning Plan
Shape the plant, remove dead/diseased wood, and encourage bushier growth for better fruit production.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers (for larger branches), sterilizing solution (e.g., rubbing alcohol).
Checklist
Sterilize tools; prune before flowering; remove dead/diseased wood; shape evenly; clean up debris.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before active growth begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter.
Method
Remove plant gently; trim roots if pot-bound; place in new pot with fresh soil; water thoroughly after repotting.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when roots fill the pot. Necessary to refresh soil and provide space for growth.
Checklist
Choose new pot; prepare fresh soil mix; trim roots if needed; water after repotting; place in shade for a few days.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water thoroughly; ensure drainage; adjust for season; avoid wetting leaves.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water deeply at the root zone, ensuring even moisture distribution. Allow excess water to drain completely to prevent root rot. Water in the morning to minimize evaporation and fungal issues.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water when the top 1–2 inches of soil are dry; increase frequency in hot/dry conditions, reduce in winter. Outdoor plants may need daily watering in peak summer.
Soil Improvement
Add perlite or coarse sand for drainage; incorporate compost for fertility; use pine bark for acidity.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Chlorosis (yellowing leaves), leaf drop, stunted growth, or bud drop in extreme cold or heat.
Cold Stress
Low temperatures slow growth, cause leaf drop, and can lead to root damage or death if prolonged below 50°F (10°C).
Solution: Move indoors before frost; protect with frost cloth; ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal issues.
Hot Stress
Excessive heat causes wilting, leaf scorch, and reduced fruit quality. High humidity exacerbates stress.
Solution: Provide shade during peak sun; increase watering; use mulch to retain soil moisture; improve air circulation.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check fertilizer type; dilute correctly; apply during growing season; avoid over-fertilizing; water after application.
Fertilizing Method
Use balanced citrus fertilizer (10-10-10 or similar) every 4–6 weeks during growing season (spring–summer). Reduce or stop in fall/winter.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
Non-toxicCitrus hystrix is not considered toxic to cats when consumed in small quantities. The essential oils and compounds present are not harmful to felines in typical amounts.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in moderation
Dogs
Non-toxicCitrus hystrix is not considered toxic to dogs when consumed in small quantities. The essential oils and compounds present are not harmful to canines in typical amounts.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in moderation
Humans
Non-toxicThe leaves and fruits of Citrus hystrix, commonly known as kaffir lime, are generally considered non-toxic and are widely used in culinary applications. They contain essential oils and compounds that impart a unique aroma and flavor, but these are not harmful in typical consumption amounts.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten in moderation
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Kaffir lime safe for pets?
A: Yes, it is non-toxic to dogs and cats.
Q: How do I use Kaffir lime leaves in cooking?
A: The leaves are often used whole or sliced in Thai and Indonesian dishes for their unique aroma.
Q: Can I grow Kaffir lime indoors?
A: Yes, it can be grown in containers indoors with adequate sunlight and humidity.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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