Bird Cherry
prunus padus
Also known as: ["Hackberry","Northern Bird Cherry"]
Overview
A deciduous tree or large shrub native to Europe and Asia, known for its fragrant white flowers and small black fruits.
Benefits & Perks
["fragrant flowers","wildlife attractant (bees, butterflies, birds)","seasonal color change"]
Botanical Classification
| Phylum: | Magnoliophyta |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Prunus |
| Botanical Name: | Prunus padus |
Plant Characteristics
Basic Information
- Category: Trees
- Suitable Location: outdoor garden, adaptable to various soil types
- Suitable For:
- Is Weed: No
- Allergenicity: moderate
Environmental Needs
- Climate: {"temperatureRange":"–40–30°C"}
- Hardiness: {"zones":"3–7"}
- Misting: rarely required, only if grown in very dry indoor conditions
- Drainage: Moderately well-draining to well-draining.
- Soil Type: Rich, loamy soil with good organic matter; well-draining.
Maintenance Level
- Maintenance Level: moderate
- Toughness Level: moderate
- Pruning Frequency: Annually in late winter or early spring; light pruning after flowering.
- Pruning Intensity: Moderate; remove up to one-third of old growth if needed.
Care Details
Ideal Sunlight Coverage:
Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct or dappled sunlight daily; adjust for intense summer sun.
Sunlight Tolerance Tips:
Acclimate gradually to direct sun; protect from harsh midday sun; place in filtered light indoors.
Care Requirements
Care Difficulty
moderatemoderate
Sunlight
full sun to partial shade
Rotate plant for even light; use sheer curtains in intense sun; avoid sudden light changes.
Watering
every 7–10 days during active growth, less frequently in winter
Water thoroughly until runoff; allow soil to dry slightly between waterings; avoid waterlogging.
Soil
moist, well-drained, fertile loam
pH: Acidic to neutral (pH 5.5–7.0).
Avoid heavy clay; ensure good aeration; test pH periodically.
Temperature
Hardy to USDA zones 3–7; tolerates cold winters; prefers 60–75°F (15–24°C) during active growth.
Protect from late frosts; shield from hot afternoon sun; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilizing
every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer
Fertilize only in growing season; water before feeding; follow label dilution rates.
Propagation
Methods
Softwood cuttings in summer; seed germination in fall or spring.
Step-by-Step Propagation Guide
- Take cuttings.
- Apply hormone.
- Plant in medium.
- Maintain humidity.
- Wait for roots.
Best Time: Late spring to early summer for cuttings; fall for seeds.
Environment
High humidity; indirect light; consistent warmth (65–75°F or 18–24°C).
Medium
Peat and perlite mix; or sandy loam for seeds.
Hormone
Rooting hormone recommended for cuttings.
Timeline
Cuttings root in 4–8 weeks; seeds germinate in 1–3 months with stratification.
Tools Needed
Pruners, rooting hormone, pots, misting spray, plastic bags.
Quick Tips
Use healthy, non-flowering stems; keep soil moist but not waterlogged; provide bottom heat if possible.
Pruning & Repotting
Pruning Guide
Method
Thinning cuts; heading back; selective branch removal.
Pruning Plan
Shape plant; remove dead or diseased wood; encourage airflow; maintain size.
Tools
Pruning shears, loppers, saw (for larger branches), disinfectant.
Checklist
Disinfect tools; prune dead/diseased wood first; make clean cuts; avoid over-pruning.
Repotting Guide
Best Season
Early spring before new growth begins.
Pot Size
Increase pot size by 2–3 inches in diameter.
Method
Remove old soil; trim roots if necessary; replant in fresh, well-draining soil.
Suggestions
Repot every 2–3 years or when root-bound; beneficial for container-grown plants.
Checklist
Prepare new pot; trim roots; add fresh soil; water thoroughly; place in shade for a few days.
Advanced Care Tips
Watering Mastery
Watering Checklist
Check soil moisture; water deeply; ensure drainage; adjust for season.
How to Apply Water Properly
Water at the base, ensuring even saturation of the root zone; allow excess to drain; water early morning or late evening.
Watering Schedule Tips
Water deeply once the top inch of soil is dry; increase frequency in hot, dry periods; reduce in winter.
Soil Improvement
Add compost or well-rotted manure; incorporate perlite or sand for drainage; mulch surface.
Temperature Stress Management
Signs of Temperature Issues
Leaf scorch in excessive heat; dieback in prolonged cold; delayed bud break in unseasonal warmth.
Cold Stress
Leaves may drop or turn brown; branches can die back; root damage in poorly drained soil during freeze.
Solution: Mulch heavily in fall; protect roots from frost; avoid wet soil in winter.
Hot Stress
Wilting; leaf scorch; reduced flowering; stunted growth in extreme heat.
Solution: Provide shade during peak sun; increase watering; use mulch to retain moisture.
Fertilizing Guide
Fertilizing Checklist
Check soil fertility; apply sparingly; water after fertilizing; avoid contact with roots.
Fertilizing Method
Use balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring; avoid high-nitrogen formulas; discontinue in late summer.
Common Problems & Solutions
Toxicity Warning
Cats
ToxicCats are also susceptible to the cyanogenic glycosides in Prunus padus, which can lead to severe toxicity. The effects are similar to those in dogs and humans, with potential for rapid onset of symptoms.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Dogs
ToxicThe cyanogenic glycosides in Prunus padus are toxic to dogs, causing similar physiological effects as in humans. The seeds and pits are particularly dangerous due to their high concentration of these compounds.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Humans
ToxicPrunus padus contains cyanogenic glycosides, which release cyanide upon digestion. These compounds interfere with cellular respiration, leading to oxygen deprivation at the cellular level. The toxicity is most concentrated in the seeds and pits, but leaves and bark also contain these compounds.
⚠️ Symptoms:
🌿 Toxic Parts:
⚡ Toxic If:
if eaten
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is Prunus padus toxic to pets?
A: Yes, all parts of the plant are toxic to dogs and cats if ingested.
Q: Does the Bird Cherry attract wildlife?
A: Yes, it produces fragrant flowers that attract bees and butterflies, and its fruits are eaten by birds.
Q: How should Prunus padus be pruned?
A: Prune in late winter or early spring to remove dead or diseased branches and maintain shape.
Quick Reference
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Care: | moderate |
| Light: | full sun to partial shade |
| Water: | every 7–10 days during activ |
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