Spot patterns

Fungal spots often appear as round, brown or yellow areas with dark edges. They may enlarge slowly and dry out. Bacterial spots are water-soaked, irregular, and may ooze or turn translucent before drying.

Common causes

Poor airflow, overhead watering, and damp leaves overnight encourage both problems. Common victims include Monstera deliciosa and Calathea.

Treatment

  • Remove affected leaves with sterilized scissors.
  • Improve air circulation and reduce misting.
  • Apply a mild copper fungicide or neem oil weekly until new growth is clean.

Prevention

Always water at soil level, not on foliage. Avoid crowding plants too closely together indoors.